Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)
Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health
2821-2746
4
4
2016
12
01
Can Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases Withstand Ramadan Fasting?
122
123
EN
Salem
Mohamed
zagazig university, internal medicine department
salemyousefmohamed@gmail.com
Mohamed
Emara
Assistant professor of tropical medicine faculty of medicine, zagazig university, Egypt.
emara_20007@yahoo.com
10.22038/jfh.2016.7931
Ramadan is a sacred month for Muslims all around the world. During this lunar-based month, healthy adult Muslims are obligated to abstain from eating, drinking, smoking, or using oral medications from predawn to sunset. Followers will typically eat just after sunset and again before dawn (1). The Islamic lunar Hijri calendar is 11 days shorter than the Gregorian solar calendar, and therefore, the month of Ramadan can occur in any season of the year. The hours spent on fasting can vary from 12 to 18 h, depending on the seasonal and regional features, and this ultimately will affect the ability of individuals and patients to fast. In the North Pole, the day time is very long and may reach up to 22 hours; toward the equator the temperature and humidity are high. These entire environmental factors directly decrease the ability of patients to complete one month of continuous fasting. The studies focusing the impact of fasting during Ramadan on different liver diseases are scarce (2,3) and that is why no structured guidelines for fasting and liver diseases(4) have been set up.
chronic liver disease,Ramadan fasting,congestive index
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_7931.html
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_7931_f3eb20d91a78856c7bde326a148268ec.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)
Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health
2821-2746
4
4
2016
12
01
Effects of Fasting in the Holy Month of Ramadan on the Uric Acid, Urea, and Creatinine Levels: A Narrative Review
130
135
EN
Sayed Alireza
Mirsane
Surgical Technologist, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
alireza.seyed70@gmail.com
Shima
Shafagh
General Surgery Specialist, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
mysa.misa@chmail.ir
Nasrin
Oraei
Lecturer of Islamic sciences, Education office, Esfahan, Iran
alireza.seyed700@gmail.com
10.22038/jfh.2016.7930
<br /><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;">Fasting during the month of Ramadan is one of the Five Pillars of Islam. During this holy month, healthy Muslims abstain from eating, drinking, and smoking from dawn to dusk. Although fasting is obligatory for every adult Muslim, if it has hazardous effects on the body, it is prohibited. Due to some Islamic principles, patients are exempted from fasting; however, due to the willingness of some individuals to fast, there are concerns about its effects on urea, uric acid, and creatine levels. Atypical levels of these compounds can cause serious disorders or indicate abnormal renal function. The present narrative review is aimed to investigate the effect of abnormally high levels of urea, uric acid, and creatinine on one’s health and effects of fasting during Ramadan on these indicators. Articles were searched from PubMed, Elsevier and Google Scholar and then they were evaluated. It can be concluded that fasting does not have any adverse effects on the urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels according to the above-mentioned studies.</span>
Ramadan,fasting,Urea,Uric acid,Creatinine
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_7930.html
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_7930_9a6de744d0aad3c96f7594ddc6fee7a6.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)
Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health
2821-2746
4
4
2016
12
01
Effects of Ramadan Fasting on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Narrative Review
140
144
EN
Davood
Soleimani
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
soleimanind941@mums.ac.ir
Mohsen
Nematy
0000-0003-3202-2709
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
nematym@mums.ac.ir
Mohamad
Hashemi
0000-04525-A125-9874
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
mo_hashemi@hotmail.com
Sayyed Saeid
Khayyatzadeh
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
khayyatzadehs921@mums.ac.ir
10.22038/jfh.2016.8016
Ramadan is considered as holy month of Muslims worldwide. During this month, most able-bodied Muslim adults refrain from foods, drinks, smoking, and medications from dawn until sunset. In Islamic rules, patients and those for whom fasting may have major health risks are exempted from fasting during Ramadan. There is still no consensus regarding the effects of Ramadan fasting, as a unique opportunity for lifestyle modifications, on cardiovascular risk factors in the Muslim population. The aim of this scientific literature review was to gather comprehensive results with regard to the effects of Ramadan fasting on major cardiovascular risk factors. This literature review focused on the effects of Ramadan fasting on four main factors, including body weight, blood glucose level, blood pressure, and plasma lipoproteins. According to the results, fasting during Ramadan is a good opportunity for patients and healthy subjects for control and prevent from diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and perhaps body fat mass as major risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, however diabetic patients need to know about physical recommendations for fasting during. However, limitations of the conducted studies should be considered in specific populations while interpreting the results.
Ramadan fasting,body Weight,Blood glucose,blood pressure,Lipoproteins
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8016.html
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8016_fa565f244810ae65db7007d2c1d265e6.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)
Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health
2821-2746
4
4
2016
12
01
Evaluation of the Diurnal Intraocular Pressure Fluctuations and Blood Pressure under Dehydration Due to Fasting
124
129
EN
Gonen
Baser
1429 Sok. No: 1/3Ufuk Apt.
Alsancak-Konak
drgonenbaser@gmail.com
Eyyup
Karahan
Van Education and Investigation Hospital
karahaneyup@yahoo.com
Sinan
Bilgin
Ozel Medifema Hospital
drsinanbilgin@yahoo.com.tr
10.22038/jfh.2016.7888
<strong>Introduction</strong>: This study aimed to investigate the diurnal intraocular pressure fluctuations under dehydration conditions and the relationship between the intraocular pressure fluctuations and blood pressure. <strong>Methods:</strong> The intraocular pressures (IOP), body weights, as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP, DBP) of 36 fasting healthy volunteers were recorded at 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. in the Ramadan of 2014 and two weeks after it. The data were analyzed using paired Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation analysis. <strong>Results:</strong> As the results demonstrated, the mean diurnal IOP differences of IOP, SBP, DBP, and weight were 2.67±1.33 mmHg, 9.44±8.02 mmHg, 3.33±5.94 mmHg, and 0.90±0.46 kg during the fasting period, respectively. In addition, the mean diurnal IOP differences of IOP, SBP, DBP, and weight were -0.33±1.4 mmHg (P=0.001), 0.55±7.25mmHg (P=0.003), -3.33±5.94 mmHg (P=0.001), and 0.12±0.45 kg (P=0.001) during the control period, respectively. There was a moderate correlation between the diurnal IOP and SBP differences (r=0.517, P=0.028). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Based on the findings of the current study, the total fluid volume might have a more dominant effect on IOP peaks than the sympathetic system activity. Furthermore, the SBP was found to correlate with the IOP.
autonomic nerve system,intraocular pressure peaks,diurnal intraocular pressure, dehydration
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_7888.html
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_7888_26e0b5686da3f224dd136abb3668ed4e.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)
Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health
2821-2746
4
4
2016
12
01
Effects of Ramadan Fasting on Inflammatory Biomarkers and Body Composition in Healthy Subjects
136
139
EN
Fatemeh
Amiri
Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
amirif921@mums.ac.ir
Mohsen
Azimi Nezhad
Departmet of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
aziminm@mums.ac.ir
Maryam
Alinezhad-Namaghi
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Lida
Jarahi
0000-0001-7753-6610
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
jarahil@mums.ac.ir
Mohsen
Nematy
0000-0003-3202-2709
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
nematym@mums.ac.ir
Abdolreza
Norouzy
0000-0001-6740-5502
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
norouzya@mums.ac.ir
10.22038/jfh.2016.7945
<strong>Introduction</strong>: During Ramadan, adult Muslims abstain from drinking and eating from sunrise to sunset. This religious practice influences individuals’ lifestyle factors such as eating behavior, meal schedule, and sleep pattern. These changes may affect endocrine and neuroendocrine circadian patterns, and consequently, cardiovascular indices. This study was performed to investigate the effects of Ramadan fasting on serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) and homocysteine as the risk factors for cardiovascular disease and body composition in the Iranian population. <strong>Methods:</strong> Healthy volunteers who fasted at least during 20 days of Ramadan were included in the study. Body composition and biochemical markers were measured pre- and post-Ramadan fasting. For normally distributed parameters, paired samples t-test was performed for analyzing the differences between the results, and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test was run for non-normally distributed parameters. All the data was analyzed by SPSS, version 11.5. <strong>Results:</strong> Fifty-one healthy participants with the mean age of 36±10 years were enrolled in this study. Our analyses showed a reduction in body mass index (BMI) and fat mass pre- and post-Ramadan fasting. However, lean body mass and total body water remained unchanged by fasting. Variation in the serum Hs-CRP and homocysteine were not statistically significant. The results were the same across genders. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Our study demonstrated that Ramadan fasting may lower fat mass in fasting volunteers with no adverse effects on inflammatory biomarkers of cardiovascular disease.
Body composition,fasting,Homocysteine,Hs-CRP,Ramadan
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_7945.html
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_7945_cc8aefc5736f950dbbbc78fbc32d0210.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)
Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health
2821-2746
4
4
2016
12
01
The Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Hematological Parameters
145
151
EN
Jafar
Nasiri
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shaharekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
jhnasiri@yahoo.com
Mehdi
Mahmoudzadeh
Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
drmahmoodzadeh@gmail.com
Soleiman
Kheiri
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
kheiri.soleiman@gmail.com
Abolfazl
Khoshdel
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
nikakhosh@gmail.com
10.22038/jfh.2017.20133.1073
<strong>Background</strong>: Ramadan fasting is an obligation for many Muslims around the world who abstain from eating and drinking for one month, which has different medical and physiological effects, such as reducing blood pressure, lipid profile, blood glucose, and body weight. It has also been hypothesized that Ramadan fasting may induce some changes in the hematologic parameters. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of Ramadan fasting on blood cell count (CBC), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). <strong>Methods</strong>: In the present study, 59 adult healthy individuals, who had completed one month of Ramadan fasting were included. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for ESR, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), white blood cell (WBC), platelet count (PLT), mean corpuscular Volume (MCV) and mean platelet volume (MPV), one day before, on the second and last week of Ramadan and one month after Ramadan (phase I , II, III, and IV, respectively). <strong>Results</strong>: 34 men and 25 women with an age range of 15 to 24 years participated in the study. Mean ESR increased significantly (except phase IV, in comparison phase III). Mean Hb and Hct levels were significantly greater in phase III than phase I (P<0.001). Also mean MCV decreased significantly (P<0.001). Although MPV decreased in phase II, it returned to baseline in phase IV (P=0.028). Mean WBC count decreased during all phases of the study significantly (P=0.003). Mean platelet count mildly increased during Ramadan fasting (P<0.001). <strong>Conclusion</strong>: Ramadan fasting has statistically significant effects on hematological parameters, which were within normal range.
fasting,Blood Cell Count,Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8173.html
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8173_3b06e8af4394a6556ccc82307715b99a.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)
Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health
2821-2746
4
4
2016
12
01
Comparison of the Rates of Fight-Related Trauma Admissions in Ramadan and the Non-Ramadan Months during 8 Years in Public Hospitals in Kermanshah, Iran
152
155
EN
Gholamreza
Mohseni
Anesthesialogist, Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, IR Iran
ry_ot83@yahoo.com
Razieh
Yousefian Molla
PhD Student of Sport Biomechanics, Shohadaye tajrish Hospital, Shahid beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, IR Iran
raziehyousefian@yahoo.com
10.22038/jfh.2017.20772.1078
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Ramadan is a time when Muslims are expected to be calm and peaceful in daily life both mentally and physiologically. Some people believe that they should try to don’t have be involved in bad and deviant behaviors in Ramadan. As increasing social safety and reducing crime in society are the most important concerns of the authorities , psychologists, sociologists and governments, they are try to find ways to increase the social safety and decrease the crime rates. The aim of this study was to investigate the statisticaltraumas Due to fights and rate of ’deviant behaviors during Ramadan compared to Non-Ramadan months of the years 2001 to 2008 in public hospitals in the city of Kermanshah, Iran. <strong>Method:</strong> Our study was a prospective study. It included patients who were involved in four types of traumas including beating, gunshot, falling from height and car-accident during Ramadan and the Non-Ramadan months of the years 2001 to 2008 admitted to the Emergency Trauma Center Departments (ETCDs) of Taleghani and Imam Reza Hospitals in Kermanshah, Iran. <strong>Results: </strong>The study included 168753 patients. 155705 patients (442.34 mean ± 436.77 SD) were admitted in Non-Ramadan months and the remaining 13048 patients (407.75 mean ± 427.16 SD) in Ramadan month. Based on the results, the average of trauma instances in Non-Ramadan months was higher, but no statistically significant difference was noted between the two groups. We did not observe significant differences for types of traumatic events in Ramadan compared to Non-Ramadan months, but for Non Ramadan months all types of traumatic except gunshot and beating were significant. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Although Ramadan is not a special controlling factor for trauma admissions, but it can has an important effect on the reduction of numbers and types of fight-related trauma admissions in ETCD of hospitals.
Fight,Trauma,Ramadan month
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8194.html
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8194_f9e9970c92693aa19a9067e0fb33fd25.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)
Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health
2821-2746
4
4
2016
12
01
Effect of Physical Activities and Obesity on Ramadan Fasting among Hypertensive Patients
156
162
EN
Nazeer
N
Khan
0000-0001-5481-9984
Jinnah Sindh Medical University
Karachi, Pakistan
nazeerkhan54@gmail.com
Summaiya
Siddiqui
Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
summaiyasiddiqui12345@gmail.com
Shujat
Ali
Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
shujat_ali77@hotmail.com
Syeda
Qamar
Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
mariamqamar29@gmail.com
10.22038/jfh.2017.20328.1076
<strong>Introduction: </strong>To find out the effect of physical activities and obesity among Ramadan fasting hypertensive patients of Karachi. <strong>Methods</strong>: 117 hypertensive patients were selected conveniently from the staff and faculty members of Dow University and other locations of Karachi. The inclusion criterion was the hypertensive patients with at least 20 days of fasting. The investigators visited three times (last ten days of Shaban, Ramadan and Shawwal) for collection of data. A questionnaire was completed before clinical examination. Blood pressures were measured 3 times in sitting position. 103 patients fasted at least 20 days. <strong>Results</strong>: The mean age of the 103 patients was 53.7±11.0 years. 11% participants could be considered as active using MET value of 600 and above. Mean sleeping hours decreased from 6.9 hours in Shaban to 6.3 hours in Ramadan. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased from Shaban to Ramadan and bounced back in Shawwal for both ‘active’ and ‘inactive’ patients. However, it was statistically significant for ‘inactive’ patients only. Only mean SBP decreased significantly from Shaban to Ramadan for normal and overweight patients. Combined effect of physical activity, obesity, sleeping pattern and number of fasting days with repeated measure ANOVA showed that only number of fasting days was statistically significant. <strong>Conclusions</strong>: The study concludes that fasting does not harm anyway to the hypertensive patients. Nevertheless, it significantly reduces the systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Changes in physical activities, sleeping patterns, and weight reduction, except number days of fasting, do not affect on the fasting hypertensive patients.
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure,hypertensive patients,Ramadan fasting,Karachi,Pakistan
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8193.html
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8193_aa5283cb5b895c4cc09a2fd2505a17fb.pdf