@article { author = {Ali Akbar, Rauf Saeb}, title = {Report of the Second Conference on Diabetes and Ramadan, Iran, Mashhad, 2017}, journal = {Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {83-84}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2821-2746}, eissn = {2821-2746}, doi = {10.22038/jfh.2017.9061}, abstract = {The phrase " va man kan marizan " on the fasting of the holy month of Ramadan in the verse of 185 of the Qur'anic Surah, followed by the phrase "Yaridullah Bekem Alisar va Yerido bekom alosr", is undoubtedly a major task of medical scientific assemblies. To conduct comprehensive and evidence-based studies, firstly, should determine the course of fasting in patients, and, second, patients who may be able to fast, prepare for Ramadan, and support and monitor them during the fasting month of Ramadan. This important issue for diabetics is of particular importance due to epidemiological and demographic issues.}, keywords = {Ramadan,Diabetes}, url = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_9061.html}, eprint = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_9061_80f24e99363fb526af78c55647a7d2cb.pdf} } @article { author = {Mirsane, Sayed Alireza and Shafagh, Shima and Oraei, Nasrin}, title = {Ramadan Fasting and Thyroid Function}, journal = {Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {85-86}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2821-2746}, eissn = {2821-2746}, doi = {10.22038/jfh.2017.24884.1090}, abstract = {Fasting is one of Islamic Five Pillars and it is an Islamic obligations. Even though fasting during Ramadan month is an obligatory, if this obligatory has dangerous effects on the human health, it is forbidden. In On the other hand, atypical levels of thyroid hormones can create serious problems for human body and normal range of these hormones is indicative of good thyroid function. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of fasting during Ramadan on the thyroid hormones levels. With regards to studied results, it can be stated that fasting in Ramadan has not undesirable effects on thyroid hormones, but for people with thyroid diseases like hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, who are intending to fast during Ramadan, it was recommended that before and during fasting, they consult with endocrinologist.It should be noted that this matter needs to have multiple researches, thus, it was recommended to conduct more study, in order to obtain the comprehensive outcomes.}, keywords = {fasting,Ramadan,Thyroid hormones}, url = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_9090.html}, eprint = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_9090_9d4e32b9c4b77eea9b49f29dca568175.pdf} } @article { author = {Kormi, Seyed Mohammad Amin and Ardehkhani, Shima and Kerachian, Mohammad Amin}, title = {The effect of Islamic Fasting in Ramadan on Osteoporosis}, journal = {Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {74-77}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2821-2746}, eissn = {2821-2746}, doi = {10.22038/jfh.2017.22955.1086}, abstract = {Osteoporosis is considered as one of the most common diseases that women face after their menopause and is caused by both genetic and environmental factors.  Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) gene is one of the important genetic factors contributing in osteoporosis which has a direct and very important relationship with fasting. Fasting is one of the alternatives proved to reduce the DPP-4 level and activate the Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and so, prevent osteoporosis. On the other hand, the circadian rhythm has a direct relationship with osteoporosis. This has been found by the biochemical markers, indicating that fasting at certain hours of the day, especially during those hours of the day which are recommended as part of the Muslim tradition, is very effective in reducing the effects of osteoporosis.}, keywords = {Osteoporosis,fasting,Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4,Circadian Rhythm}, url = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_9029.html}, eprint = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_9029_366dbbfb5332d34069dc4ffc23415fc2.pdf} } @article { author = {Movahed, Sara and Nematy, Mohsen and Baghban Taraghdari, Sara and Amiryousefi, Mohammad Reza}, title = {Recent Advances in Possible Effects of Bread Types and Enrichment on Appetite during Ramadan Fasting}, journal = {Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {87-98}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2821-2746}, eissn = {2821-2746}, doi = {10.22038/jfh.2017.25045.1092}, abstract = {Introduction: Bread is the staple food of most Muslims and can be considered to be a component with a remarkable effect on satiety and appetite during Ramadan fasting. This study aimed to present the recent advances in investigating the effect of different types of bread and enrichments on satiety and appetite. Methods: In this paper, articles focusing on the effect of various bread types (including enriched bread) on satiety and appetite, particularly during fasting were reviewed. Articles were found in databases such as ISI, PubMed and Google Scholar. Results: Different bread types with lower glycemic index are recommended for Ramadan fasting, especially for the Sahur meal, due to better satiety and sglycemic control. In addition, fermentable dietary fibers, such as arabinoxylans, β-glucan, fructans, and resistant starch, can influence appetite through fermentation in the colon by saccharolytic bacteria and gastrointestinal tract releasing hormones changes. Consumption of wholemeal bread results in the moderation of satiety and starvation. Barely, oat and rye breads demonstrate the better improvement of satiety compared to white wheat bread due to their higher fiber content, probiotic ingredients and steadier glycemia. On the other hand, use of protein-rich breads can result in delayed gastric emptying, steadier insulin levels and higher satiety. Beta-glucan enrichment shows similar significant results in terms of reducing hunger and increasing satiety by influencing the appetite and satiety and regulating hormones such as insulin, ghrelin and PYY. Fiber enrichment and probiotics (Fructo-oligosaccharides/Inulin) could also be considered in this regard. Conclusion: During Ramadan fasting, barley bread, oat bread and wholegrain wheat bread could be suggested as the preferred bread types to be incorporated into the main meals to improve satiety and decrease hunger feeling.}, keywords = {Bread,fasting,Satiety,Appetite,Enrichment}, url = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_9091.html}, eprint = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_9091_48cb03949642277b2ff93da9db98f732.pdf} } @article { author = {Shephard, RJ}, title = {Oxidative Stress and Ramadan Observance; A Possible Influence of Associated Dieting}, journal = {Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {63-73}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2821-2746}, eissn = {2821-2746}, doi = {10.22038/jfh.2017.23493.1087}, abstract = {Introduction: The effects of Ramadan observance and any associated dietary restriction upon oxidative stress are not well known. The topic has thus been examined in a brief systematic review of available literature concerning non-athletic but otherwise healthy subjects, patients with selected clinical conditions, and in athletes. Methods: Ovid/Medline and Google searches were supplemented by a perusal of reference lists in papers thus identified. Results: Ramadan observance and associated dietary restrictions are generally associated with a decrease of body mass in non-athletic adults, and in patients with conditions such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. During Ramadan, measures of oxidative stress (particularly malondialdehyde and F2 isoprostanes) are consistently decreased, antioxidant status (particularly levels of peroxidases, uric acid and reduced glutathione) are enhanced and inflammatory reactions (particularly c-reactive protein, IL-6 and TNF-a) are decreased in association with decreases in body mass. Perhaps because of lower initial body weights and greater dietary control during Ramadan, changes of oxidant status are more variable in athletes; in 3 of 7 studies, Ramadan observance had little effect on oxidant status, and in 2 reports there was some deterioration. In 3 of 4 studies where athletes underwent short-term dieting, there was also no improvement of antioxidant status. Conclusion: Ramadan observance and any associated dieting reduce oxidative stress in non-athletic individuals, apparently in association with decreases of body mass. In athletes, oxidant levels are generally unchanged during Ramadan, and if food intake is maintained they may even increase. More information is needed upon possible adverse health consequences, but chronic risks are probably small because any changes are limited to one month per year.}, keywords = {c-reactive 66 protein,F2 isoprostanes,Glutathione,peroxidases,Pro-inflammatory cytokines}, url = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8883.html}, eprint = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8883_89139692730937b060c6d128d00c7c12.pdf} } @article { author = {Karimi Rad, Rahil and Nematy, Mohsen and Sedaghat, Mohamad-Reza and Askarizade, Farshad and Rakhshandadi, Tahereh and Mahmoudi, Zahra and Mehramiz, Mehrane and Heravian, Javad}, title = {Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Intra Ocular Pressure Changes in Healthy Subjects}, journal = {Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {78-82}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2821-2746}, eissn = {2821-2746}, doi = {10.22038/jfh.2017.24204.1088}, abstract = {Introduction: Annually, millions of Muslims all over the world observe the fasting rules based on its measures; this highlights the importance of studies in this field as a worthwhile model for intermittent fasting. It is obvious that changes in lifestyle over fasting have outstanding effects on physiological parameters. The current study was carried out to investigate the IOP and serum electrolytes as two important factors that are influenced by human lifestyle. Methods: Eighty-nine fasting and healthy participants including men and women with mean age of 34.97 were included in our study based on the inclusion and exclusion parameters. During this project, Ramadan coincided with the summer (between June and July 2015). All participants were monitored by an expert examiner and blood samples were collected and IOP was measured by tonometer (Topcon, 1-75, Hasunuma-cho, Itabashi-KU, Tokyo, Japan 2014). The participants were examined one week before and one week after Ramadan. Results: There was a significant reduction in physiological IOP in healthy people after Ramadan. In line with this, the serum electrolytes were altered by fasting so that Na, K, Se experienced a significant decrease while serum phosphorous increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Prolonged intermittent fasting in Ramadan changed IOP and serum electrolytes in healthy people within a normal range.}, keywords = {Ramadan,fasting,IOP,Serum electrolyte}, url = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8973.html}, eprint = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8973_56ed7277347c4f962193d5231fd72e81.pdf} } @article { author = {Sedaghat, Mohamad Reza and Askarizadeh, Farshad and Heravian, Javad and Rakhshandadi, Tahereh and Nematy, Mohsen and Mahmoodi, Zahra and Shahsavan, Fatemeh and Amirkalali Sijavandi, Maryam Sadat}, title = {The Effects of Islamic Fasting on Blood Hematological-Biochemical Parameters}, journal = {Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {56-62}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2821-2746}, eissn = {2821-2746}, doi = {10.22038/jfh.2017.22778.1085}, abstract = {Introduction: Fasting during the month of Ramadan is obligatory for healthy Muslims after the age of puberty. This paper was aimed to compare the changes in hematological and biochemical parameters before and after Ramadan. Methods:This prospective study was performed one week before and one week after the month of Ramadan in 2015. Eighty-nine subjects (51males and 38 females) with a mean age of 34.52±9.05 were enrolled in this study. Patients with systemic disorder, special drug using, and/or a history of previous surgery were excluded. Blood samples were taken from all participants before and after Ramadan to evaluate the effects of fasting on hematological-biochemical factors. Hematological and biochemical measurements were performed on the blood samples using a KX-21N cell counter (Kobe, Japan) and Hitachi 717 analyzer (Roche, Japan), respectively. Results:Hematocrit, red blood cell (RBC) and Mean Red Cell Volume (MCV) decreased after Ramadan fasting (P= 0.002, P= 0.030 and P= 0.005, respectively), however mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) increased (P=0.004, P=0.002, respectively). On the other hand, no changes were seen in hemoglobin, platelets and white blood cell (WBC) after Ramadan (P=0.900, P=0.923, P=0.282, P=0.300, respectively). In this study, fasting led to decrease in uric acid, creatinine, selenium, sodium and potassium (P=0.00, P=0.015, P=0.021, 0.007 and 0.028, respectively), however, phosphor serum increased after fasting period (P=0.032). Moreover, no changes were seen in other biochemical parameters including fast blood sugar (FBS), urea, calcium, iron, zinc, and albumin (P= 0.54, P=0.300, P=0.054, P=0.372, P=0.170, and P=0.400, respectively). Conclusion:This study on healthy subjects suggests that fasting could affect some hematological-biochemical parameters but not all of them. Also, these changes in hematological-biochemical parameters were within the normal range and Ramadan fasting seems to be safe for healthy subjects.}, keywords = {Ramadan fasting,hematological parameters,Biochemical Parameters,Complete blood count}, url = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8637.html}, eprint = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8637_ac75b9b2faf11981bbe5b8c5edbe7cca.pdf} } @article { author = {Safavi, Eisa and Rahbar, Ali}, title = {Effect of Intermittent Fasting during Ramadan on Visfatin, Adiponectin and Tumor necrotizing Factor- Alpha in Healthy Muslim Individuals}, journal = {Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, pages = {50-55}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2821-2746}, eissn = {2821-2746}, doi = {10.22038/jfh.2017.22719.1084}, abstract = {Introduction:The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fasting in Ramadan on visfatin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and adiponectin level in human. Methods:Thirty four men aged 24 to 55 years old were selected from those people who were willing to fast in Ramadan. The blood sample was obtained from each participant in fasting state at the beginning and the end of study to determine serum visfatin, adiponectin and TNF-α. Paired T test was used to identify differences between beginning and the end of the study in serum visfatin, adiponectin and TNF-α. Results:Results showed a significant decrease in Visfatin after study. There were no significant changes in adiponectin and TNF-α during Ramadan fasting. Conclusion:It is concluded that fasting in Ramadan is beneficial to health and can ameliorate some inflammatory markers in fasting individuals.}, keywords = {Visfatin,Adiponectin,Tumor necrotizing factor- alpha,Ramadan fasting}, url = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8760.html}, eprint = {https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_8760_806d6431577b8adaa62b3299a8a014fe.pdf} }