ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Issues Pertaining to PET Imaging of Liver Cancer
Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) has proven valuable in the diagnosis, staging and restaging for many cancers. However, its application for liver cancer has remained limited owing in part to the relatively high background uptake of the tracer in the liver plus the significant variability of the tumor specific uptake in liver cancer among patients. Thus, for primarily liver cancer, in particular, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), radio-tracers with better tumor-enhancing uptake/retention are still sought in order to harness the great power of PET imaging. Here, we reviewed some recent investigations with lipid-based small molecule PET radio-tracers with relevance to fasting, and discuss their potential in the diagnosis and staging of HCCs.
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_3092_80868a64fb791a7ecc1ce618c69960ce.pdf
2014-05-01
62
64
10.22038/jfh.2014.3092
PET Imaging
Liver
Cancer
Zhenghong
Lee
1
Professor of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
LEAD_AUTHOR
Guangbin
Luo
2
Associate professor of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
AUTHOR
Kostakoglu L, Agress H Jr, Goldsmith SJ, Clinical role of FDG PET in evaluation of cancer patients. Radiographics. 2003 Mar-Apr;23(2):315-40; quiz 533
1
Lindholm P, Minn H, Leskinen-Kallio Bergman SJ, Ruotsalainen U, and Joensuu H, Influence of the blood glucose concentration on FDG uptake in cancer - a PET study, J Nucl Med, vol. 34, pp. 1-6, 1993.
2
Lee KH, Ko BH, Paik JY, et al. Effects of anesthetic agents and fasting duration on 18F-FDG biodistribution and insulin levels in tumor-bearing mice. J Nucl Med 2005;46:1531-6.
3
Okumura W, Iwasaki T, Toyama T, et al. Usefulness of fasting 18F-FDG PET in identification of cardiac sarcoidosis. J Nucl Med 2004;45:1989-98
4
Jeng LB, Changlai SP, Shen YY, Lin CC, Tsai CH, and Kao CH, Limited value of 18F-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography to detect hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B virus carriers, Hepatogastroenterology, vol. 50, pp. 2154-6, 2003.
5
Khan MA, Combs CS, Brunt EM, Lowe VJ, Wolverson MK, Solomon H, Collins BT, and Di Bisceglie AM, Positron emission tomography scanning in the evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma, J Hepatol, vol. 32, pp. 792-7, 2000.
6
Ho CL, Yu SC, Yeung DW. 11C-acetate PET imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma and other liver masses. J Nucl Med 2003;44:213-21.
7
Talbot JN, Gutman F, Fartoux L, et al. PET/CT in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma using [(18)F]fluorocholine: preliminary comparison with [ (18)F]FDG PET/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2006;33:1285-9.
8
Salem N, Kuang Y, Corn DJ, Erokwu B, Kolthammer JA, Tian H, Wu C, Wang F, Wang Y, Lee Z, [(Methyl)1-11C]-Acetate Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Molecular Imaging and Biology, 13:140-151, 2011.
9
Kuang Y, Salem N, Tian H, Kolthammer JA, Corn DJ, Wu C, Wang F, Wang Y, Lee Z, Imaging Lipid Synthesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with [Methyl-11C]Choline Correlated with Metabolites Study in vivo, Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 52(1):98-106, 2011.
10
Kolthammer JA, Corn DJ, Tenley N, et al. PET imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma with 18F-fluoroethylcholine and 11C-choline. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2011;38:1248-56.
11
Tenley N, Corn DJ, Yuan L, Wu C, Lee Z, The effect of fasting on PET Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013, 4, 562-567.
12
Hatzivassiliou G, Zhao F, Bauer DE, Andreadis C, Shaw AN, Dhanak D, Hingorani SR, Tuveson DA, and Thompson CB, ATP citrate lyase inhibition can suppress tumor cell growth, Cancer Cell, vol. 8, pp. 311-21, 2005.
13
Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, et al. Cell chemistry and biosynthesis. In: Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th. New York: Garland Science; 2002:47-109.
14
Elwood JC and Morris HP, Lack of adaptation in lipogenesis by hepatoma 9121, J Lipid Res, vol. 9, pp. 337-41, 1968.
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Islamic Fasting on Mean Arterial Pressure
Introduction: World Health Organization (WHO) introduced hypertension as an epidemic in developing countries. However, hypertension is adequately controlled in only 12.5% of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between Ramadan fasting and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Methods: This clinical, observational study was carried out at Medical O.P.D of Jinnah Medical College Hospital (JMCH), Korangi, Karachi, Pakistan. A total of 150 hypertensive patients (120 males and 30 females) and 150 healthy adults (75 males and 75 females) were evaluated during the month of Ramadan (from August to September 2010). Blood pressure was measured in patients’ right arm in the sitting position. The measurements were taken a week before Ramadan and during each week of this month. The average of measurements was calculated, and the results were analyzed by SPSS version 17. Results: A reduction was observed in the MAP of hypertensive patients (from 117.3±4.2 in the first week to 108.3±4.2 in the fourth week). In the control group, the MAP was 93.1±0.6 in the first week and 92.4±0.6 in the fourth week. Conclusion: This study showed that MAP reduces during Ramadan fasting. This effect of fasting may help control blood pressure in hypertensive patients.
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_3023_d35e6039cf8d77edce4c6416588ea9c1.pdf
2014-05-01
53
56
10.22038/jfh.2014.3023
blood pressure
fasting
Ramadan
Mean arterial pressure
Muhammad
Ishaq
1
Department of Medicine, Jinnah Medical College Hospital, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Farhan
Khalid
2
Department of Medicine, Jinnah Medical College Hospital, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Muhammad
Shahzeb Ali
3
Department of Medicine, Jinnah Medical College Hospital, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Mikram
Jafferi
4
Department of Medicine, Jinnah Medical College Hospital, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Jibran Sualeh
Muhammad
5
Department of Internal Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redón J, Zanchetti A, Böhm M, Christiaens T, Cifkova R, De Backer G, et al. 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens. 2013 Jul; 31(7):1281-357.
1
Howard D. Sesso, Meir J. Stampfer, Bernard Rosner, Charles H. Hennekens, J. Michael Gaziano, JoAnn E. Manson, et al. Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure, Pulse Pressure, and Mean Arterial Pressure as Predictors of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Men. American Heart Association Journal Nov 2000. Volume 36, Issue 5:197–201
2
AJ Camm and NH Bunce, Systemic Hypertension: In Kumar and Clark Clinical medicine, Sixth edition. Edinburg: Elsevir Saunders:857-9
3
Mitchell GF, Moye LA, Braunwald E, Rouleau JL, Bernstein V, Geltman EM et al, Sphygmomanometrically determined pulse pressure is a powerful independent predictor of recurrent events after myocardial infarction in patients with impaired left ventricular function. Circulation. 1997;96:4254–4260.
4
Fields LE, Burt VL, Cutler JA, Hughes J, Roccella EJ, Sorlie P. The Burden of Adult Hypertension in the United States 1999 to 2000: A Rising Tide. Hypertension.2004; 44:398-404
5
18% population suffering from hypertension. The Daily Times. Anonymoushttp://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_28-3-2005_pg7_32(accessed 11 May 2010)
6
Mohsen Nematy , Maryam Alinezhad-Namaghi , Masoud Mahdavi Rashed , Mostafa Mozhdehifard , Seyedeh Sania Sajjadi , Saeed Akhlaghi et al, Effects of Ramadan fasting on cardiovascular risk factors: a prospective observational study. Nutrition Journal 2012. 11 (69)
7
Seddighe Asgary, Fsaneh Aghaei, Gholam A. Naderia, Roya Kelishadi, Mojgan Gharipour and Shiva Azali. Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Lipid Peroxidation, Serum lipoprotein and Fasting Blood Sugar. Medical Journal of Islamic Academy of Sciences 2000. 13 (1): 35-38
8
Imtiaz Salim, Jassim Al Suwaidi ,Wissam Ghadban, Hani Alkilani, Amar M, (). Impact of religious Ramadan fasting on cardiovascular disease: a systematic review of the literature. Cardiology and Vascular Disease: Review April 2013. Vol. 29, (No. 4), pp.343-354
9
Halbert JA, Silagy CA & Finucane P. The effectiveness of exercise training in lowering blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of 4 weeks or longer. J Hum Hypertens. 1997 Oct;11(10):641-9.
10
Frohlich ED. Clinical management of the obese hypertensive patient. Cardiol Rev. 2002;10(3):127–138.
11
Hall JE. Pathophysiology of obesity hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2000;2(2):139–147.
12
Hall JE, Crook ED, Jones DW, Wofford MR, Dubbert PM. Mechanisms of obesity-associated cardiovascular and renal disease. Am J Med Sci. 2002;324(3):127–137.
13
Wofford MR, Hall JE. Pathophysiology and treatment of obesity hypertension. Curr Pharm Des. 2004;10(29):3621–3637.
14
Richard N. Re, MD. Obesity-Related Hypertension. The Ochsner Journal, Academic Division of Ochsner Clinic Foundation. 2009 9 (3), 133–136
15
Prakash Patel, Anoop Mirakhur, Karim Mahmoud, Abo El-Magd, Abdel Nasser Abo El-Matty, et al, (2007). Type 2 Diabetes and its characteristics during Ramadan in Dhahira region, Oman. Oman Medical Journal. 22 (3).
16
Intermountain Medical Center. "Routine periodic fasting is good for your health, and your heart, study suggests." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 20 May 2011.
17
Shariatpanahi ZV, Shariatpanahi MV, Shahbazi S, Hossaini A, Abadi A: Effect of Ramadan fasting on some indices of insulin resistance and components of the metabolic syndrome in healthy male adults. Br J Nutr 2008, 100(1):147–151.
18
Khaled BM, Bendahmane M, Belbraouet S: Ramadan fasting induces modifications of certain serum components in obese women with type 2 diabetes. Saudi Med J 2006, 27(1):23–26
19
Bouguerra R, Jabrane J, Maatki C, Ben SL, Hamzaoui J, El KA, et al: Ramadan fasting in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ann Endocrinol J (Paris) 2006, 67(1):54–59
20
Salhamoud Abdelfatah Saleh, Salah Anies Elsharouni, Boby Cherian, and M. Mourou. Effects of Ramadan fasting on Waist Circumference, Blood Pressure, Lipid Profile, and Blood Sugar on a Sample of Healthy Kuwaiti Men and Women. Mal J Nutr. 2005, 11 (2):143-150
21
Daradkheh JK. Parasuicide during Ramadan in Jordan. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 1992 86: 253-254
22
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of Ramadan Fasting on Lipid Profile: A Narrative Review
Ramadan Fasting during the month of Ramadan is a religious obligation, practiced by millions of people around the world. Ramadan fasting is essentially a fundamental change in lifestyle for one lunar month. This type of fasting may have significant effects on lipid profile. Although there is no scientific consensus about the effects of fasting on cardiovascular risks such as changes in lipid profile, some studies have revealed the positive effects of Ramadan fasting (and similar religious fasting) on lipid profile and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. These effects may be related to factors such as different fasting durations (season-dependent), diets, and physical activities during Ramadan. An overall improvement in cardiovascular risk profile is noted during Ramadan fasting. Majority of studies have reported an increment in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level, decreased triglyceride level, and no change or decline in total cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. Therefore, given the lack of comprehensive literature in this field, we reviewed some related studies in order to describe the impact of Ramadan fasting on lipid profile. Conclusion: It can be inferred that Ramadan fasting alters lipid profile by improving HDL-cholesterol and reducing LDL-cholesterol in some cases. However, changes in triglyceride and total cholesterol during Ramadan are not uniform or similar. Moreover, Ramadan fasting is not associated with any changes in the prevalence of CVD or frequency of hospitalization.
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_3087_aa40f98a484674cd0c92b38f53ef7160.pdf
2014-05-01
57
61
10.22038/jfh.2014.3087
Ramadan fasting
lipid profile
muslim
Mohsen
Mazidi
1
Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Peyman
Rezaie
2
Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Ehsan
Karimi
3
Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Nematy
nematym@mums.ac.ir
4
Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mazidi M, Rezaie P, Nematy M. The Effects of Ramadan Fasting on Growth Parameters: A Narrative Review. J Fasting Health. 2014; 2(1):41-44.
1
Moradi M. The effect of Ramadan fasting on fetal growth and Doppler indices of Pregnancy. Journal of research in medical sciences: the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. 2011; 16(2):165.
2
Bogdan A, Bouchareb B, Touitou Y. Ramadan fasting alters endocrine and neuroendocrine circadian patterns. Meal–time as a synchronizer in humans? Life sciences. 2001; 68(14):1607‐15.
3
Larijani B, Zahedi F, Sanjari M, Amini M, Jalili R, Adibi H, et al. The effect of Ramadan fasting on fasting serum glucose in healthy adults. Medical Journal of Malaysia. 2003; 58(5):678‐80.
4
Norouzy A, Salehi M, Philippou E, Arabi H, Shiva F, Mehrnoosh S, et al. Effect of fasting In Ramadan on body composition and nutritional intake: a prospective study. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics. 2013.
5
Nematy M, Alinezhad‐Namaghi M, Rashed MM, Mozhdehifard M, Sajjadi SS, Akhlaghi S, Et al. Effects of Ramadan fasting on cardiovascular risk factors: a prospective observational study. Nutrition journal. 2012; 11(1):69
6
Maximo Maislos, Nail Khamavsi, Abid Assali, Yunes Abou-Rabiah, Irenne Zvili, and Shraga Shany. Marked increase in plasma high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol after prolonged fasting during Ramadan: Am J Clin Nutr 1993; 57:640-2.
7
Zadegan N, Atashi M, Naderi G, Baghai A, Asgary S, et al. (2000) The Effect Of Fasting In Ramadan on the Values and Interrelations Between Biological, Coagulation and Hematological Factors. Annals of Saudi Medicine 20: 5–6.
8
Khaled M, Belbraouet S (2009) Ramadan Fasting Diet Entailed a Lipid Metabolic Disorder Among Type 2 Diabetic Obese Women. American Journal of Applied Sciences 6(3): 471–477.
9
Saleh S, Elsharouni A, Cherian B, Mourou M (2005) Effects of Ramadan fasting on Waist Circumference, Blood Pressure, Lipid Profile, and Blood Sugar on a Sample of Healthy Kuwaiti Men and Women. Mal J Nutr 11(2): 143–150.
10
Imtiaz Salim, Jassim Al Suwaidi, Wissam Ghadban, Hani Alkilani, Amar M Salam. Impact of Religious Ramadan Fasting on Cardiovascular Disease: a Systematic Review of the Literature. Current Medical Research & Opinion
11
Bener A, Hamad A, Fares A, Al-Sayed H M, Al-Suwaidi J. Is there any effect of Ramadan fasting on stroke incidence?. Singapore Med J 2006; 47(5): 404
12
Hassan Chamsi-Pasha, Waqar H. Ahmed. The effect of fasting in Ramadan on patients with heart disease: Saudi Med J 2004; Vol. 25 (1): 47-51
13
Akhan, G., Kutluhan, S., & Koyuncuoglu, H. R. 2000, "Is there any change of stroke incidence during Ramadan?” Acta neurologica Scandinavica, vol. 101, no. 4, pp. 259-261.
14
Al Suwaidi J, Bener A, Suliman A, Hajar R, Salam A.M, Numan M.T, Al Binali H.A. A population based study of Ramadan fasting and acute coronary syndromes. Heart 2004; 90(6): 695-696.
15
Al Suwaidi J, Bener A, Hajar HA, Numan MT. Does hospitalization for congestive heart failure occur more frequently in Ramadan: a population based study?. Int J Cardiol. 2004; 96(2):217–221.
16
Nizal Sarraf-Zadegan; Mahmood Atashi; Gholam A. Nader et al. THE EFFECT OF FASTING IN RAMADAN ON THE VALUES AND INTERRELATIONS BETWEEN BIOCHEMICAL, COAGULATION AND HEMATOLOGICAL FACTORS: Annals of Saudi Medicine, Vol 20, Nos 5-6, 2000
17
Durdi Qujeq; Khezroolla Bijani; Khodaberdi Kalavi; Javad Mohiti; Hamidreza Aliakbarpour. EFFECTS OF RAMADAN FASTING ON SERUM LOW-DENSITY AND HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN-CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATIONS: Ann Saudi Med 2002;22(5-6):297-299
18
Abdullah Shehab, Abdishakur Abdulle, Awad El Issa, Jassim Al Suwaidi, Nico Nagelkerke. Favorable Changes in Lipid Profile: The Effects of Fasting after Ramadan. PLoS ONE 7(10): e47615. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0047615
19
Sondos Pirsaheb, Yahya Pasdar, Seied Jafar Navabi, Mansour Rezaei, Mitra Darbandi ,Parisa Niazi. Fasting Consequences during Ramadan on Lipid Profile and Dietary Patterns: J Fasting Health. 2013; 1(1).
20
Salhamoud Abdelfatah Saleh, Salah Anies Elsharouni, Boby Cherian, and M. Mourou. Effects of Ramadan fasting on Waist Circumference, Blood Pressure, Lipid Profile, and Blood Sugar on a Sample of Healthy Kuwaiti Men and Women: Mal J Nutr 11(2): 143-150, 2005
21
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hypothyroidism and Ramadan Fasting
Introduction: Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan is an obligation for all adult, healthy Muslims. As several studies have indicated, both fasting and energy restriction can alter thyroid hormone metabolism and affect the clinical features and well-being of hypothyroid patients. Hypothyroidism is more prevalent among women and the elderly. Its prevalence has been reported to be 4-8% of the general population. Despite the large body of animal research on fasting, few human studies have focused on Ramadan fasting and its impacts on hypothyroid patients. Methods: PubMed and Google scholar databases were searched using keywords such as Ramadan, fasting, hypothyroidism, and food restriction. Animal and human studies, which were highly relevant to the topic, were selected. Results: Four animal and 7 human studies were included in this article. We found that levothyroxine dosage should be increased for hypothyroid patients from the beginning of the month until 15-20 days after the end of Ramadan. Discussion: Fasting can change the concentration of thyroid hormones, thyroid-stimulating hormone level, and the associated metabolisms both in animals and humans. As the results indicated, hypothyroid individuals, who fast during the month of Ramadan, particularly women and the elderly, may suffer from thyroid hormone changes. For these patients, levothyroxine dosage should be increased to 25-50 µg/per day from the beginning of Ramadan until 15-20 days after the end of this month. Conclusion: An increased dose of levothyroxine during Ramadan is recommended for hypothyroid patients, particularly women and the elderly.
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_3254_de0721089637d14a9e73c60a8c09183b.pdf
2014-05-01
80
83
10.22038/jfh.2014.3254
Ramadan
fasting
Hypothyroidism
Food restriction
Mousa-Al-Reza
Hadjzadeh
hajzadehmr@mums.ac.ir
1
Neurocognitive Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Roghayeh
Pakdel
pakdelr901@mums.ac.ir
2
Neurocognitive Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Parichehr
Hayatdavoudi
3
Neurocognitive Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Nematy
nematym@mums.ac.ir
4
Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM. Williams textbook of endocrinology: Expert consult: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2011.
1
McDermott MT. Endocrine secrets: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013.
2
Vanderpump MP, Tunbridge WMG. Epidemiology and prevention of clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism. Thyroid. 2002;12(10):839-47.
3
Raza SA, Ishtiaq O, Unnikrishnan A, Khan AA, Ahmad J, Ganie MA, et al. Thyroid diseases and Ramadan. Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism. 2012;16(4):522.
4
Harris AR, Fang S-L, Vagenakis AG, Bravernan LE. Effect of starvation, nutriment replacement, and hypothyroidism on in vitro hepatic T< sub> 4 to T< sub> 3 conversion in the rat. Metabolism. 1978;27(11):1680-90.
5
Herlihy JT, Stacy C, Bertrand HA. Long-term food restriction depresses serum thyroid hormone concentrations in the rat. Mechanisms of ageing and development. 1990;53(1):9-16.
6
Harris AR, Fang S-L, Azizi F, Lipworth L, Vagenakis AG, Braverman LE. Effect of starvation on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid function in the rat. Metabolism. 1978;27(9):1074-83.
7
Cheikh RB, Chomard P, Dumas P, Autissier N. Influence of prolonged fasting on thyroid hormone modulation of lipolysis in isolated epididymal adipocytes of Wistar rats. European journal of endocrinology. 1994;131(5):516-21.
8
Sulimani RA. The effects of Ramadan fasting on thyroid functions in healthy male subjects. Nutrition research. 1988;8(5):549-52.
9
Karoli R, Fatima J, Chandra A, Mishra PP. Levothyroxine replacement and Ramadan fasting. Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism. 2013;17(2):318.
10
Ahmadinejad Z, Ziaee V, Rezaee M, Yarmohammadi L, Shaikh H, Bozorgi F, et al. The effect of ramadan fasting on thyroid hormone profile: A cohort study. Pak J Biol Sci. 2006;9:1999-2002.
11
Bahrayni S, Vakili R, Nematy M, Norouzy A, Hashemy SI, Ebrahimi M, et al. The Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Thyroid Hormones in 9‐13 Years Old Pre‐Menarche Girls. Journal of Fasting and Health. 2013;1(2):4-10.
12
Scriba PC, Bauer M, Emmert D, Fateh-Moghadam A, Hofmann GG, Horn K, et al. EFFECTS OF OBESITY, TOTAL FASTING AND RE-ALIMENTATION ON l-THYROXINE (T4), 3, 5, 3'-l-TRIIODOTHYRONINE (T3), 3, 3', 5'-l-TRIIODOTHYRONINE (rT3), THYROXINE BINDING GLOBULIN (TBG), CORTISOL, THYROTROPHIN, CORTISOL BINDING GLOBULIN (CBG), TRANSFERRIN, α2-HAPTOGLOBIN AND COMPLEMENT C'3 IN SERUM. Acta endocrinologica. 1979;91(4):629-43.
13
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Fasting on Mental Health in the General Population of Kermanshah, Iran.
Introduction: Multiple studies have noted the positive effect of fasting on mental health improvement. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of fasting on mental health in the general population of Kermanshah, Iran. Methods: In this analytical research, one-group pretest-posttest design was used for the evaluation of 110 residents of Kermanshah city. General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) with four subscales was utilized in order to assess the subjects’ mental health. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and paired t-test. Results: There was a significant difference between pre- and post-test results in terms of general health score (t= 3.138, P= 0.002), i.e., fasting could increase the population’s general health. There was a significant positive relationship between fasting and four subscales of general health including somatic symptoms (t=2.138, P=0.035), insomnia/anxiety (t=2.587, P=0.011), and social dysfunction (t=2.627, P=0.010). However, fasting had no significant effect on severe depression and suicidal tendencies (t=1.700, P=0.092). Conclusion: The obtained results showed that fasting has a positive effect on mental health in the general population of Kermanshah. Thus, more attention should be paid to fasting and its impact on people’s mental health.
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_3143_95f72fe42c6c182a26f8798dce953bdc.pdf
2014-05-01
65
70
10.22038/jfh.2014.3143
fasting
Mental health
Kermanshah city
Seyed Ali
Mousavi
psy.mousavi@gmail.com
1
Farabi Hospital, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
AUTHOR
Mansour
Rezaei
rezaei39@yahoo.com
2
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sahar
Amiri Baghni
3
Psychology Department, Payamnoor University, Kermanshah, Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
Seifi
4
Psychology Department, Payamnoor University, Kermanshah, Iran
AUTHOR
Navabakhsh M, Pouryousef H.[The role of religion and religious beliefs on mental health.Number of Religious Research 14,winter 2005]. Persian
1
How, C B. Ming, K E. Chin, C Y. Does religious affiliation influence glycaemia control in primary care patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus? Mental Health in Family Medicine 2011; 8: 21-8.
2
Huang CL, Shang C, Shieh M, Lin H, Su JC. The interactions between religion, religiosity, religious delusion, hallucination and treatment-seeking behavior among schizophrenic patients in Taiwan.Psychiatry Research 2011; 187: 347–53.
3
Sadeghi M. Sadat, Mazaheri MA. [The effect of fasting on mental health. Journal of Psychology 2005;6(3): 35]. Persian
4
Kazmi M, Karimi S, Ansari A, NegahbanT,Hosseini S H, VaziriNezhad R. [The effect of fasting on students' mental health and depression in Islamic Azad University ofSirjan.Journal of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan summer 2006; 5(2): 117-122]. Persian
5
Byanzadh S. Bolhari J. Dadfar M. KarimiKysmy I.[The effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy, cultural and religious improvement of obsessive-compulsive disorder. 913 Journal of Medical Sciences, Iran. Eleventh year / No. 44. The 1383 Ultra].Persian
6
Zaare B. Abadi, M. AsgharNezhadFarid A. A. ,Bahari F. Chami M.[The role of fasting on spiritual intelligence and happinessin Quran in people who fast .Quran and medicine. ( 3) : 82-88. 1390]. Persian
7
Rahmani MR, ZareieM. [The effect of Ramadan fasting on delayed hypersensitivity responses to PPD. Scientific Journal of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. Year 10, No. 1 , Spring 1382, Number 27]. Persian
8
Asgari S. Aghaie A. Naderi G. A. Azali Sh.[Inhibition of lipid peroxidation in fasting and its protective role on cardio-vascular system. Scientific Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. No. 34 , Spring 1384]. Persian
9
Mohammad Karim Sh. Larijani B. YarAhmadi Sh. Amini M.R. Baradarjalili R. Aghakhani Sh. KhaliliFard A.R.[The effects of Islamic fasting on thyroid function in young healthy adults. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. Fifth Year, No. 2, pages 121-125, Summer 1382]. Persian
10
SardarPourgoudarzi Sh. SoltaniZarandi A.[Fasting in the month of Ramadan and mental health. Fifth Year, No. 2, pages 121-125, Summer 1382]. Persian
11
Ali Babaei A. Ghasemi M. Tavakoli H. Yusefi A. [The effect of Ramadan fasting on some blood biochemical parameters. The Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences. No. 1, First Year, Fall 1387, page 21-26]. Persian
12
Fararjeh, M. A. Bustanji, Y. K. Mohammad, M. K. Saleme, M. L. Intermittent fasting during Ramadan attenuates proinflammatory cytokines and immune cells in healthy subjects. Nutrition research 32 (2012): 947 – 955.
13
Goldberg DP, Hillior V. A Scale Version of General Health Questionnaire.Psych Med 1969; 9:131-45.
14
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Shafie, Tavakoli M, Rafati F, Kazemi M.[The effect of fasting in the month of Ramadan on the mental health of Jiroft nursing students in 1382. The Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. Volume VI , Winter 1386, 73-78]. Persian
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Sadeghi , M. Sadat . Mazaheri, M.A. [The effect of fasting on mental health. Journal of Psychology 35/ninth year.Fall 1384.Number 3]. Persian
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Hosseinkhanzadeh, A.A. Niyazi, E. Investigate relationships between Religious orientation with public health and marital satisfaction among married students of University of Tehran. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 15 (2011) 505–509.
21
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23
Kazemi , M. Karimi, S. Ansari, A. Negahban T. HosseiniS.H.VaziriNezhad R.[The effect of fasting on mental health and depression in the students of Islamic Azad University, Sirjan in 1383. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences .Volume V, number II. Summer 1385. 117-122]. Persian
24
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25
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Philosophy of Fasting in Quran and Islamic Narratives and Its Relationship with Human Health, Based on Scientific Notions
Abstinence from eating and drinking on long hot summer days is no easy task. In fact, it is considered the greatest “Jihad” in Islamic tradition. Here, the main question is concerned with the importance of fasting, its purposes, and advantages for individuals. We need to determine if fasting plays a role in overcoming human problems. This article, by using an analytical approach, states Quranic verses and Hadiths and reviews the philosophy of fasting in response to two questions: 1) What is the philosophy of fasting in Quran and Hadiths?, and 2) What role does it play in maintaining human health? Therefore, Islamic verses and narratives, concerning the importance of fasting in maintaining health, are reviewed, using the opinions of some scientists.
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_3177_554e349e2af6946a24eeab19561c2d6f.pdf
2014-05-01
71
75
10.22038/jfh.2014.3177
fasting
Quran
human health
Maryam
Hosseini Mousavi
1
Department of Aolom Guran va Hadis, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Majlesy Mb. Baharalanvar 96. Tehran: Maktabealeslami. 1388; 256.
1
Makarem Shirazi N. Qoranalhakim. Tehran: Markaz Nashr; 1390; 110.
2
Majlesy Mb. Baharalanvar, 96. Tehran: Maktabealeslami. 1388; 255.
3
Frankl V, Yazdy A. Hkoda Dar Na Hkod Agah. Tehran: Rasa; 1375.
4
Maslow A, Toward A. Psychology of Being. The University of Michigan. 2007; 206.
5
Pragmatism JW, Rashidian A. Tehran: Elmi Farhangy. 1386; 176.
6
Makarem Shirazi N. Tafsir Nemone 1. Tehran: Kotob Alislamy; 1368; 623.
7
Sayyah A. Farhag Jamea. Tehran: Islam. 1343_659
8
Eskandary Mh. Ahklaq-Dar- Qoran 1. Tehran: Moasseseh Emamhkomini. 1376; 71.
9
Tabatabai Mh. Almyzan 2. Tehran: Elmi Fekvy. 1364; 7.
10
Hasani Bafarani T. Mahyyat Ensan–Va- Niyazhaie Ao-Dar Dydgahe Frankl No 4. Tehran: Ravanshenasi-Va-Din; 2011.
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Quran. Jaseih; 23.
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Hasani Bafarani T. Mahyyat Ensan–Va- Niyazhaie Ao-Dar Dydgahe Frankl No 4. Tehran: Ravanshenasi-Va-Din; 2011.
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Quran. Baqare, Verses 2; 4.
14
Majlesy Mb. Baharalanvar 96. Tehran: Maktabealeslami. 1388; 254.
15
Majlesy Mb. Baharalanvar 96. Tehran: Maktabealeslami. 1388; 136.
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Mesbah M. Falsafeh Ahklaq. Tehran: Moasseseh Emamhkomini. 1379; 81-2.
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Meskavih A. Tahzibalhklaq. Tehran: Bydar. 1410; 83.
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Modarresi MR. Falsafeh Ahklaq. Tehran: Sorosh. 1388; 58.
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Jams, V, Din-Va-Ravan, Qaeni. Tehran: Tarjome–Va-Nashreketab. 1357; 2-6.
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Frankl V, Yazdy A. Hkoda Dar Na Hkod Agah. Tehran: Rasa; 1375; 95.
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Majlesy Mb. Baharalanvar 96. Tehran: Maktabealeslami. 1388; 251.
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Tabarsi H. Majmaaolbayan1, 2. Tehran: Elmi Islami. 1348; 272.
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of Short‐term, Repeated Water Fasting on the Weight of Mice
Introduction: Caloric restriction is a strategy applied for weight loss. Water fasting is a popular way for obesity treatment. However, little is known about the impact of water fasting on weight. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of short-term, repeated water fasting on the weight of mice. Methods: In this study, the physiological effect of short-term, repeated water fasting on the weight of female mice was evaluated. At 6 weeks of age, mice were randomly assigned to either repeated-fasting or control group (fed ad libitum). Each group consisted of twenty mice. As the fasting period started, the repeated-fasting group had access to only water; animals had free access to food and water on non-fasting days. Body weight of each group before, during, and after the fasting period was recorded. Results: Body weight of the fasting group significantly decreased, unlike the control group. However, the fasting group gained weight rapidly after being re-fed and became significantly heavier than mice in the control group (P<0.01). Interestingly, the average body weight of the fasting group increased, compared to that of the control group; in fact, the fasting mice weighed approximately 10% heavier than the control ones. Conclusion: Repeated water fasting was not only ineffective for weight loss but also increased the body weight of fasting mice.
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_3257_27b21ffa4eee666b790eaada5ee2c161.pdf
2014-05-01
76
79
10.22038/jfh.2014.3257
Water fasting
Mice
Weight
Zahra
Mishmast
kiarash_ghazvini@yahoo.com
1
Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad
University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Rahimzadeh Oskuee
rahimzadehr901@mums.ac.ir
2
Neurology and Neurosurgery Research Group, Students Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,
Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Amirali
Aryan
arianaa1@mums.ac.ir
3
Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad
University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Kamran
Ghafarzadegan
ghaffarzadegank@mums.ac.ir
4
Department of Pathology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Kiarash
Ghazvini
ghazvinik@mums.ac.ir
5
Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad
University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Duncan GG, Jenson WK, Fraser RI, Cristofori FC. Correction and control of intractable obesity: practicable application of intermittent periods of total fasting. JAMA. 1962;181(4):309‐12.
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Horne BD, Muhlestein JB, Lappe DL, May HT,Carlquist JF, Galenko O, et al. Randomized crossovertrial of short‐term water‐only fasting:metabolic and cardiovascular consequences.Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2013; 23(11):1050‐7.
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27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of the Number of Ramadan Fasting Days on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes
Introduction: Gynecologists and perinatologists are left with many unanswered questions and concerns regarding fasting during pregnancy and its effects on maternal and neonatal health. The current study was conducted to investigate the correlation between the number of Ramadan fasting days and pregnancy outcomes. Methods: In this descriptive, analytical study, 641 newborns, whose mothers had fasting experience during pregnancy, were enrolled and allocated to three groups, based on the number of maternal fasting days during pregnancy (group A: ≤10 days, group B: 11-20 days, and group C: 21-30 days). Demographic and anthropometric data of neonates and mothers were recorded. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and non-parametric tests were performed for data analysis. Results: No statistically significant difference was found in maternal weight (during the last month of pregnancy), neonatal height, incidence of pre-term labor, or neonatal congenital abnormality in the three groups. Increased number of fasting days was not correlated with decreased neonatal head circumference or weight, while 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores significantly improved (P<0.05). Conclusion: As the current findings indicated, with increasing number of fasting days, neonatal birth weight or maternal weight did not decrease. In addition, incidence of pre-term labor and low birth weight did not increase, while significant improvements were detected in 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores. Since pregnancy is a delicate state for women, further research on larger populations is recommended to evaluate other parameters and obtain more convincing results about the effects of Ramadan fasting on pregnant women.
https://jnfh.mums.ac.ir/article_3270_b4a7fe3523813a66bd1bdf63a87b6e1c.pdf
2014-05-01
84
89
10.22038/jfh.2014.3270
Ramadan
fasting
Maternal
Neonatal
Hassan
Boskabadi
1
Associate Professor in Neonatology, Neonatal Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Atieh
Mehdizadeh
mehdizadeha921@mums.ac.ir
2
MD, PhD Candidate for Clinical Nutrition, Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zeynab
Alboumiri
3
Bachelor of Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Kavehmanesh Z, Abolghasemi H. Maternal Ramadan Fasting and Neonatal Health. Journal of Perinatology 2004;24:748-750.
1
Boskabadi H, Ayati S, Zakerihamidi M, Mohebbi T. Fasting and Pregnancy Outcomes. IJOGI 2013;16(57):1-6.
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Rahbar N. The effects of fasting on serum and urine biochemical parameters and birth weight in neonates of mothers with fasting experience during pregnancy. Tabibe Shargh;2004:7(3):171-77.
3
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Khameneh S. An overview on physiologic adaptation of fasting and energy economics. Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. 1998;147-153.
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33