Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health2821-274610120220301Assessment of Fetal Malnutrition Based on the CANSCORE Index and Anthropometric Indices161918710.22038/jnfh.2021.58894.1341ENRoya Chopani DastgerdiDepartment of Pediatrics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.0000000254524948Alireza AsgharzadeStudent of Pediatrics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.Alizamen SalehifardDepartment of Pediatrics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.Ahmadshah FarhatNeonatal Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.0000000329689617Asal KhaliliFaculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20210711<strong>Introduction:</strong> To prevent the adverse effects of fetal malnutrition (FM), its management and early diagnosis by reliable tools are essential. The present study aimed to identify the rate of malnutrition in a referral maternity center in Iran using different systems for evaluating the nutritional status and determining a better index for FM. <strong>Methods:</strong> This cross-sectional study was performed on the neonates born in the maternity ward of Hajar Hospital in Shahrekord, Iran in 2020. FM was evaluated based on different parameters, including the CANSCORE index, body mass index (BMI), Ponderal index, and mid-arm circumference/head circumference (MAC/HC) index. After recording the measurements, birth weight and height were plotted on the intrauterine growth chart, and the infants were classified into groups of appropriate for gestational age (AGA), small for gestational age (SGA), and large for gestational age (LGA). <strong>Results:</strong> Based on the fetal growth status index, 14.7% of the neonates were in the AGA group, and 95.3% were in the LGA group. Malnourishment was detected in 40.5% of the neonates based on the CANSCORE index, 8.3% based on the MAC/HC index, 6.9% based on the BMI, and 5.2% based on the Ponderal index. In addition, the CANSCORE index had a significant positive correlation with all the growth indices (except the MAC/HC index), and the Ponderal index was also significantly correlated with all the growth indices except height. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> According to the results, the CANSCORE index could show growth status and FM more accurately compared to other anthropometric parameters that may underestimate FM. Furthermore, BMI is a highly sensitive indicator, and infants malnourished in terms of BMI should be examined based on the CANSCORE index to accurately identify FM. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health2821-274610120220301The Occurrence and Toxicity of Dioxins and Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Foodstuffs Collected From Different Cities of Iran: A Systematic Review51591983110.22038/jnfh.2022.63878.1379ENSeyedeh Belin Tavakoly SanyDepartment of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.0000-0002-7891-4449Journal Article20220219Dioxins compounds are persistent organic contaminants that adversely affect human health and the environmental system. Although the occurrence and toxicity of dioxins congeners are reported worldwide, their status in Iran is very scarce, and no study has been conducted to understand the evidence for occurrence and toxicity of dioxins compounds in Iran yet. Therefore, this systematic review provided a comprehensive report on the levels, occurrence, and health outcome effects of dioxins and dioxin-like Polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) in foodstuffs collected from different cities of Iran. We used The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) to design this review, and six databases (Scopus, Scientific Information Database (SID), PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and Google Scholar) were searched from inception until January 2022. A total of 9 articles with data on 396 food samples were considered for the final report. The total toxicity equivalency quantity (TEQ) was ranged from 0.06 ± 0.02 to 15.72 ±16.38 and the mean total dioxin congeners levels in most of the samples were below the standard limits and the measured intake levels of dioxin congeners were in the safe level. Although most of the samples did not exceed the maximum allowable thresholds, 44% of studies reported that the concentration of dioxin compounds in most of their samples was above the thresholds defined by world health organization (WHO) (3 pg TEQ/g fat). Therefore, suitable policy actions and more attention are needed to control and reduce the emission of dioxin congeners and their associated risk factors. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health2821-274610120220301Role of Naturopathic Diet and Treatment Modalities in the Successful Management of Psoriasis Vulgaris in an Adolescent Girl: A Case Report7101930410.22038/jnfh.2021.59821.1346ENChidananda MurthyBT Chidananda Murthy (Murthy BTC), Principal MVM College of Naturopathy & Yogic Sciences, Vikas Layout, Venkatala, Maruthi Nagar, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, India.0000-0003-0711-9971Naresh KumarJSS Institute of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences, Palakkad Highway Navakkarai, Coimbatore, India.0000-0002-4993-1047Ezhil RatnakumariAssistant Professor Cum Senior Medical Officer, Department of Physiology, JSS Institute of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences, Palakkad Highway Navakarai, Coimbatore, India.0000-0001-6420-2515Dhilip VRaviPrincipal, JSS Institute of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences, Palakkad Highway Navakkarai, Coimbatore, India.Journal Article20210821<strong>Introduction: </strong>Psoriasis Vulgaris (PV) is a chronic inflammatory dermatological disorder that affects skin, nails, and joints and has various systemic associations. The current case report is the first of its type to highlight the observations on manifestations of Psoriasis Vulgaris in an adolescent girl with Naturopathic diet, treatment, and Yoga Intervention. <strong>Method: </strong>An eighteen-year-old female who was diagnosed with Psoriasis Vulgaris at 9 years of age was administered Nature cure and Yoga for 16 weeks as an individualized diet and treatment protocol in an inpatient Nature Cure and Yoga Hospital in South India. Improvement in Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) score and reduction in body mass index (BMI) were observed. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The changes observed are found to be consistent over 1 year. This case report also demonstrates the beneficial effects of Naturopathic diet, treatment, and Yoga as an effective treatment modality in the management of Psoriasis Vulgaris for both physical and psychological levels.Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health2821-274610120220301The Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Elderly Muslims’ Quality of Life11171751110.22038/jnfh.2021.53159.1305ENTayebeh MirzaeiDepartment of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.0000-0001-8897-3744Ali RavariDepartment of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.0000-0003-2569-6334Fatemeh HoseiniDepartment of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.Zahra AssadollahiDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.Elham HassanshahiGeriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan university of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran0000-0002-4095-8008Journal Article20201030<strong>Introduction:</strong> Ramadan fasting may affect the quality of life of elderly Muslims and cause some challenges. The present study aimed to assess the effect of Ramadan fasting on the quality of life of elderly Muslims. <strong>Methods:</strong> This observational-correlational study was conducted throughout the natural intervention of Ramadan fasting in 2016 when the length of daily fasting was about 16 hours. In total, 100 individuals aged more than 60 years were selected from the patients referring to the health centers in Rafsanjan, Iran via convenience sampling. Data were collected using the 12-item short-form survey of quality of life (SF-12) at three measurement time points before (T1), one day after (T2), and one month after Ramadan (T3). Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 18 using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. <strong>Results:</strong> A significant difference was observed in the total score of quality of life between the three measurement time points (T1: 47.02±14.15, T2: 50.76±17.06, T3: 51.53±16.79; P<0.0001). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> According to the results, the quality of life of elderly Muslims improved through Ramadan fasting. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health2821-274610120220301Malnutrition Screening and Prevalence in a Population of Inpatients with Non Communicable Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study (Algeria, 2020)18251824210.22038/jnfh.2021.56497.1327ENFatima ZohraBoutataPhD Student, Laboratory for Improvement of Agricultural Productions and Protection of Ecosystems in Dry Areas LAPAPEZA, Institute of Veterinary Sciences and Agronomic Sciences, Elhadj Lakhdar University, Batna, Algeria.0000-0002-0057-5301Meriem BencharifAssociate professor, Institute of Nutrition, Food and Agro-Food Technologies (INATAA), University of Brother’s Mentouri Constantine 1 (UFMC1), Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Technology (LNTA), University of Brother’s Mentouri Constantine1 (UFMC1), Constantine, Algeria.0000-0002-0679-2032Dalila AbdessemedAssociate professor. Laboratory for Improvement of Agricultural Productions and Protection of Ecosystems in Dry Areas LAPAPEZA, Institute of Veterinary Sciences and Agronomic Sciences, Elhadj Lakhdar University, Batna, Algeria.Journal Article20210320<strong>Introduction</strong>: Hospitalization is a stressful event that affects the nutritional status of adults and elderly. Inpatients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a vulnerable group facing an increased risk of malnutrition. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition in Algerian inpatients with non-communicable diseases in a public hospital in Skikda (Algeria). <strong>Methods:</strong> This was a cross-sectional, descriptive survey carried out during one month from the 15<sup>th</sup> November 2020 to the 10<sup>th </sup>December 2020, with inpatients with at least one NCD (cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases). The assessment of their nutritional status was carried out using the Subjective Global Assessment tool (SGA). <strong>Results:</strong> One hundred and five patients were included. One of two patients had at least one non communicable disease. In our study, the SGA allowed us to estimate the malnutrition prevalence at 44.76% (ranks B and C: moderate and severe malnutrition). Our study showed a length of stay (LOS) of 4.14±7.69days. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The considerable prevalence of malnutrition was, in part, due to reduced food intake and short LOS. In order to detect and prevent malnutrition, the nutritional status assessment must be included in the routine of health care in Algeria.Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health2821-274610120220301Effects of Ramadan Fasting, Physical Activity, and Dietary Patterns on Diabetic and Hypertensive Patients26351918810.22038/jnfh.2021.59795.1347ENNazeer BKhanShifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan0000-0001-5481-9984Sumaiya Khan3rd year Postgraduate Resident of Surgery, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.Journal Article20210823<strong>Introduction:</strong> The present study aimed to compare the effects of Ramadan fasting and dietary patterns on the blood pressure, fasting glucose level, and body mass index (BMI) of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), DM and HTN, and healthy subjects. <strong> Methods:</strong> This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in Shaban, Ramadan, and Shawwal months in 2020 on 155 subjects who were divided into groups of HTN (G1; n=42), DM (G2; n=32), DM and HTN (G3; n=41), and healthy (G4; n=40). The subjects were interviewed three times during the study period to collect data on demographics, dietary habits, and physical activity. In addition, physical parameters (height and weight) and clinical parameters (systolic and diastolic blood pressure and fasting blood sugar) were measured in each visit. Data were collected three times in the last ten days of each month. Data analysis was performed using the repeated measures ANOVA. <strong>Results:</strong> Mean weight and BMI reduced significantly from Shaban (V1) to Ramadan (V2). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure also reduced significantly from V1 to V2. Moreover, the mean sleeping hours significantly decreased from V1 to V2. Considering Tarawih prayer as physical activity, a significant increase was observed in the mean metabolic energy turnover value from V1 to V2. Mean calorie, carbohydrate, and sodium intake also increased significantly from V1 to V2, while they reversed significantly to almost the same values in V3. Protein and cholesterol consumption decreased significantly from V1 to V2, while the value reversed significantly in V3. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> According to the results, Ramadan fasting could effectively control the blood pressure and glucose levels of the patients. Furthermore, physical activity increased significantly due to Tarawih prayers, and carbohydrate, sodium, and calorie intake increased as well. On the other hand, a reduction was denoted in protein and fat consumption. Glucose levels significantly decreased in the diabetic patients, and blood pressure significantly reduced in the hypertensive patients.Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health2821-274610120220301The Effect of Consume Leucine Supplement Before and After Resistance Exercise on Protein Metabolism Indices in Fasting Male Athletes36431925210.22038/jnfh.2021.60616.1352ENYahya Mohammadnajad PanahkandiDepartment of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, Islamshahr, Iran.0000-0002-7860-3683Yaser KazemzadehDepartment of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, Islamshahr, Iran.0000-0003-2460-8363Ramin DadkhahDepartment of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, Islamshahr, Iran.0000-0001-7953-8898Journal Article20210926<strong>Introduction:</strong> Fasting is one of the religious practices of Muslims during Ramadan.<strong> </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of consume Leucine supplement before and after resistance exercise on protein metabolism indices in fasting male athletes. <strong>Methods:</strong> In this study, 33 male bodybuilders were selected and randomly divided into three groups: resistance training (N=11), resistance training and supplementation group (N=11) and control group (N=11). Subjects received 0.1 g of leucine or placebo each day. Leucine intake was 0.1 gkg<sup>-1</sup>.d<sup>-1</sup> of body weight. Subjects poured leucine tablets in powder form into 1 g empty capsules and dextrose as a placebo was in the form of 1 g capsules, the same shape, size and color of 1 g leucine tablets. The training protocol of the two training groups was performed for eight weeks in 3sessions per week. Each training session lasted 40 minutes. 24hour before the first training session and 24hours after the last training session, 10 ml of blood was taken from the subjects' brachial vein. To analyze the data, the statistical method of analysis of covariance was used and to determine the differences between the groups, Bonferroni post hoc test and at a significant level in all tests, P≤0.05 was considered. <strong>Results:</strong> The findings showed that leucine supplementation before and after resistance exercise on uric acid levels in fasting male athletes was not significantly different between the two groups (F=6.22, p=0.133). However, in the amount of urea (F=8.074, p=0.000), creatinine (F=6.106, p=0.001), amount of Hypoxanthine (F=11.511, p=0.002) and Xanthine oxidase (F=14.231, p=0.000) There was a significant difference between the three groups. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Finally, it can be said that resistance training combined with leucine supplementation in fasting athletes can reduce protein catabolism due to exercise. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health2821-274610120220301Interactive Effects of Endurance Training With Royal Jelly Consumption on Motor Balance in an Experimental Encephalomyelitis Model44501954910.22038/jnfh.2022.61748.1367ENMaryam LohrasbiIslamic Azad University of Khorasgan, Isfahan Branch, Shiraz, Iran.0000-0001-8629-5118Farzaneh TaghianDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Isfahan (khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.0000-0001-9531-2952Khosro Jalali DehkordiDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Isfahan (khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.0000-0003-0210-5984Seyed Ali HosseiniDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.0000-0001-9122-3952Journal Article20211121<strong>Introduction:</strong> Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating factor of the central nervous system that leads to decreased balance and increased risk of falls. The aim of this study was to investigate the interactive effects of endurance training (T) with royal jelly (RJ) consumption on the motor balance of rats with MS. <strong>Methods:</strong> In this experimental study, 56 rats with MS (using complete Freund’s adjuvant) were divided in 7 groups of eight animals, including: 1) control (MS), 2) Sham (royal jelly solvent), 3) 50 mg/kg RJ, 4) 100 mg/kg RJ, 5) T, 6) T+RJ50, 7) T+RJ100. Rats in the royal jelly consumption groups received the prescribed doses of royal jelly peritoneally each day for 5 weeks. Also, rats in the endurance training groups performed endurance training on a rat treadmill for five weeks, five sessions per week, each session 30 minutes at a speed of 11 m/min. At the end of 48 hours after the last training session and royal jelly consumption, the motor balance of rats was measured using a rotarod device. Also, the weight of brain cerebellum tissue was measured by a digital scale. The one-way analysis of variance with Tukey’s <em>post hoc</em> test were used to analyze the findings (P≥0.05). <strong>Results: </strong>The duration of motor balance in the T, T + RJ50 and T + RJ100 groups was significantly higher than the MS group (P = 0.001); also, in the T + RJ50 and T + RJ100 groups, it was significantly higher than the RJ50 and RJ100 groups (P = 0.001). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>It appears that training and royal jelly consumption have an interactive effect on improving motor balance, and improving motor balance is training-dependent. Given the existence of effective physiological mechanisms, it seems necessary to conduct further studies by examining the pathological and physiological aspects<strong>.</strong>Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health2821-274610120220301Estimating the Years of Life Lost and Mortality Caused By COVID-19 in Mashhad, the Second-Largest City in Iran60641932110.22038/jnfh.2021.58924.1342ENMajid Khadem-rezaiyanDepartment of Community Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.0000-0003-2698-176XMaryam Saberi-KarimianSurgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.0000-0003-2314-0471Atieh Kamel KhodabandehDepartment of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, School of Health, Management & Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran.Hamideh Safarian-BanaInternational UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.Ehsan Mousa FarkhaniDeputy of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.Mahdi GholianDeputy of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.Zahra AbasaltiDeputy of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.Maryam Mohammadi BajgiranInternational UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.0000-0000-0000-0000Gordon FernsBrighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK.0000-0000-0000-0000Habibollah EsmailyDepartment of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, School of Health, Management & Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran.Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.0000-0003-4139-546xMajid Ghayour-MobarhanInternational UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.0000-0002-1081-6754Journal Article20210712<strong>Introduction: </strong>The disability-adjusted life years (DALY) may provide a better indicator of the burden of disease than mortality. This study provides the estimates of both Years of Life Lost (YLL) and COVID-19 mortality in Mashhad. <strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was carried out in Mashhad, the second-most populous city in Iran. The mortality data in the population served by Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS) were extracted from the national mortality data system. In this system, all deaths in the whole of the country are recorded based on the International Classification of Diseases, tenth edition (ICD10). The data in the current study comprised all cases of death recorded in the population under the auspices of MUMS from January 21st to April 19th 2019 and 2020 which were transferred to SPSS software after sorting. The method recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) was used for the estimation of YLL. <strong>Results: </strong>The YLL per 1000 caused by COVID-19 was 1.2 years and increased with age, and was higher in men (1.6 years) compared to women (0.9 years). The incidence of COVID-19 was higher in the urban area (9.8%) compared to rural areas (4.8%). During the study period, COVID-19 was the fourth most prevalent cause of death in Mashhad after cardiovascular disease (35.4%), cancer (12.9%) and respiratory disease (10.6%). <strong>Conclusions: </strong>The YLL per 1000 caused by COVID-19 was 1.2 years, increased with age and was greater in males than in females. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health2821-274610120220301Effects of High Intensity Interval Training and Intermittent Fasting on VEGF Gene Expression in the Cardiac Muscle Tissue of Obese Male Rats65701961110.22038/jnfh.2022.62296.1370ENShahin BeyranvandApplied Exercise Physiology, AllamehTabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-9183-346XJournal Article20211217<strong>Introduction:</strong> The present study aim to investigate the combined effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and intermittent fasting (IF) on the expression vascular endothelial grow factor (VEGF) gene in the cardiac muscle tissue of obese male rats. <strong>Methods:</strong> This study was conducted on 22 male Wistar rats that were kept on high fat -diet for 12 weeks. Afterwards the animals were randomly divided into four groups, including control, HIIT (three session for six week, 80 - 95% MRT), IF (three days for six week, 12h ours) and HIIT with IF (both protocols for six week). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) was used to measure <em>VEGF</em> gene expression. Data analysis was performed using one –way analysis of variance ANOVA least significance test (p<0.05). <strong>Results:</strong><strong> </strong>no significant difference was observed between the groups <em>VEGF</em> expression (p>0.52). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the results HIIT with IF and HIIT or IF alone had no significant effects on not significant on <em>VEGF</em> expression in the cardiac muscle tissue of the obese male rats. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health2821-274610120220301Acute Response of Oxidative Stress and Muscle Damage Biomarkers to a Single Bout of Combined Training (Resistance-Aerobic) with Different Intensities Following Q10 Supplementation71781966510.22038/jnfh.2022.61686.1364ENHossein SaeedianDepartment of Physical Education, Mahallat Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahallat, Iran.0000-0002-7950-9058Bahram AbediDepartment of Physical Education, Mahallat Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahallat, Iran.0000-00-6858-5469Hoseyn FatolahiDepartment of Physical Education, Pardis Branch, Islamic Azad University, Pardis, Iran.0000-0002-1496-9774Journal Article20211119<strong>Introduction:</strong> Nutritional supplements and controlling exercise intensity are essential to increasing muscle mass. However, the effects of such manipulations on the health of athletes may not be apparent. The present study aimed to compare the effects of combined training (resistance-aerobic) with different intensities and the short-term supplementation of coenzyme Q10 on oxidative stress and muscle damage biomarkers. <strong>Methods:</strong> This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 45 male bodybuilders who were divided into three groups of low-, moderate-, and high-intensity combined training (15 per each). Research stages included initial blood sampling, 14 days of Q10 supplementation (400 mg/day), a second blood sampling, a single bout of combined physical activity, and the final blood sampling. In each group, resistance training was initially performed with different intensities (55%, 70%, and 85% 1-RM), followed by aerobic training to consume 300 kilocalories at speeds of 8, 9.6, and 11.2 km/h. <strong>Results:</strong> Q10 supplementation had no significant effect on the baseline levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) (P≥0.05). After performing low-, moderate-, and high-intensity combined activities, a significant increase was observed in the levels of MDA, SOD, LDH, and CK (P≤0.05). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> According to the results, oxidative stress and muscle damage biomarkers increased in response to training intensity, while the increase was not significant at different intensities and fixed times. The performance of the participants may have influenced the obtained results. Given the lower aerobic capacity of male bodybuilders, exercise volume is the primary factor to increase exercise pressure<strong>. </strong>Supplementation may also be effective over long periods.Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health2821-274610120220301Comparison of the Effect of Leucine and L-Arginine Supplementation Before and After Resistance Training On Athletes' Protein Catabolism Indices in Ramadan79851972610.22038/jnfh.2022.62947.1372ENRamin DadkhahMaster of Sports Physiology, Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, Islamshahr, Iran.0000-0001-7953-8898Yaser KazemzadehAssistant Professor, Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, Islamshahr, Iran.0000-0003-2460-8363Saeed SedaghatiAssistant Professor, Department of Sports Management, Faculty of Physical Education, Islamic Azad
University, Islamshahr Branch, Islamshahr, Iran.Journal Article20220114<strong>Introduction:</strong> Improving adaptive responses to exercise through dietary interventions, especially sports supplements, has been considered. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of Leucine and L-arginine supplementation before and after resistance training on athletes' protein catabolism indices during Ramadan. <strong>Methods:</strong> In this study, 40 male bodybuilders were selected and randomly divided into four groups of resistance training (n=10) and resistance training group and Leucine supplementation (n=10), resistance training group and L-arginine supplementation (n=10) and the control group (n=10). Leucine and L-arginine tablets were poured as powder into 1g empty capsules and placebo was in the form of 1g capsules, the same shape, size and color of 1g Leucine and L-arginine tablets. The amount of supplements was 0.1g per kg of body weight. The training protocol of the two training groups was performed for eight weeks in three sessions per week.To analyze the data, the statistical method of analysis of covariance was used and to determine the differences between the groups, Bonferroni post hoc test and at a significant level in all tests, P≤0.05 was considered. <strong>Results: </strong>Statistical analysis did not show a significant difference between groups in uric acid variable (p=0.097). Also, the results showed that resistance training significantly decreased urea (p=0.001), creatinine (p=0.001) and increased hypoxanthine (p=0.000) and xanthine oxidase (p=0.000). Resistance training with Leucine and L-arginine supplementation increased there was a significant urea, creatinine and a significant decrease in hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase compared to the resistance training group. There was a significant difference between the two groups of supplements only in the amount of xanthine oxidase. In the resistance training group and Leucine supplementation, the amount of xanthine oxidase was significantly greater than in the resistance training group and L-arginine supplementation. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: Finally,resistance training with Leucine and L-arginine supplementation in fasting athletes could provide a platform for reducing protein catabolism due to exercise and it can be said that coaches and athletes to reduce catabolism due to exercise. During Ramadan, they can take Leucine and L-arginine supplements to increase performance and reduce damage.