Evaluation of the Diurnal Intraocular Pressure Fluctuations and Blood Pressure under Dehydration Due to Fasting

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 1429 Sok. No: 1/3Ufuk Apt. Alsancak-Konak

2 Van Education and Investigation Hospital

3 Ozel Medifema Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the diurnal intraocular pressure fluctuations under dehydration conditions and the relationship between the intraocular pressure fluctuations and blood pressure. Methods: The intraocular pressures (IOP), body weights, as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP, DBP) of 36 fasting healthy volunteers were recorded at 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. in the Ramadan of 2014 and two weeks after it. The data were analyzed using paired Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation analysis. Results: As the results demonstrated, the mean diurnal IOP differences of IOP, SBP, DBP, and weight were 2.67±1.33 mmHg, 9.44±8.02 mmHg, 3.33±5.94 mmHg, and 0.90±0.46 kg during the fasting period, respectively. In addition, the mean diurnal IOP differences of IOP, SBP, DBP, and weight were -0.33±1.4 mmHg (P=0.001), 0.55±7.25mmHg (P=0.003), -3.33±5.94 mmHg (P=0.001), and 0.12±0.45 kg (P=0.001) during the control period, respectively. There was a moderate correlation between the diurnal IOP and SBP differences (r=0.517, P=0.028). Conclusion: Based on the findings of the current study, the total fluid volume might have a more dominant effect on IOP peaks than the sympathetic system activity. Furthermore, the SBP was found to correlate with the IOP.

Keywords

References

  1.  Ido T, Tomita G, Kitazawa Y. Diurnal variation of intraocular pressure of normal-tensionglaucoma. Influence of sleep and arousal. Ophthalmology. 1991; 98(3):296-300.
  2. Frampton P, Da Rin D, Brown B. Diurnal variation of intraocular pressure and the overriding effects of sleep. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1987; 64(1):54-61.
  3. Bengtsson B, Leske MC, Hyman L, Heijl A, Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial Group. Fluctuation of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression in the early manifest glaucoma trial. Ophthalmology. 2007; 114(2):205-9.
  4. Xi XR, Qureshi IA, Wu XD, Huang YB, Lu H, Shiarkar E. Diurnal variation of intraocular pressure in normal and ocular hypertensive subjects of China. J Pak Med Assoc. 1996; 46(8):171-4.
  5. Qureshi IA, Xiao RX, Yang BH, Zhang J, Xiang DW, Hui JL. Seasonal and diurnal variations of ocular pressure in ocular hypertensive subjects in Pakistan. Singapore Med J. 1999; 40(5):345-8.
  6. Hasegawa K, Ishida K, Sawada A, Kawase K, Yamamoto T. Diurnal variation of intraocular pressure in suspected normal-tension glaucoma. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2006; 50(5):449-54.
  7. Bar-Ilan A. Diurnal and seasonal variations in intraocular pressure in the rabbit. Exp Eye Res. 1984; 39(2):175–81.
  8. Chiquet C, Denis P. The neuroanatomical and physiological bases of variations in intraocular pressure. J Fr Ophtalmol. 2004; 27:2S11-8.
  9. McDougal DH, Gamlin PD. Autonomic control of the eye. Compr Physiol. 2015; 5(1):439-73.
  10. Kumar R, Ahuja VM. Glaucoma and concomitant status of autonomic nervous system. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1998; 42(1):90–4.
  11. Kumar R, Ahuja VM. A study of changes in the status of autonomic nervous system in primary open angle glaucoma cases. Ind J Med Sci. 1999; 53(12):529-34.
  12. Sakata R Aihara M, Murata H, Saito H, Iwase A, Yasuda N, et al. Intraocular pressure change over a habitual 24-hour period after changing posture or drinking water and related factors in normal tension glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013; 54(8):5313–20.
  13. Read SA, Collins MJ. Water drinking influences eye length and IOP in young healthy subjects. Exp Eye Res. 2010; 91(2):180-5.
  14. Jordan J, Shannon JR, Black BK, Ali Y, Farley M, Costa F, et al. The pressor response to water drinking in humans: a sympathetic reflex? Circulation. 2000; 101(5):504–9.
  15. Arora KS, Jefferys JL, Maul EA, Quigley HA. Choroidal thickness change after water drinking is greater in angle closure than in open angle eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012; 53(10):6393-402.
  16. Diestelhorst M, Krieglstein GK. The effect of the water-drinking test on aqueous humor dynamics in healthy volunteers. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1994; 232(3):145–7.
  17. Goldberg I, Clement CI. The water drinking test. Am J Ophtalmol. 2010; 150(4):447-9.
  18. Assaidi M, Akrami A, Beikzadeh F, Seyedabadi M, Nabipour I, Larijani B, et al. Impact of Ramadan fasting on intraocular pressure, visual acuity and refractive errors. Singapore Med J. 2011; 52(4):263-6.
  19. Leiper JB, Molla AM, Molla AM. Effects on health of fluid restriction during fasting in Ramadan. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003; 57(Suppl 2):S30-8.
  20. Bayerle-Eder M, Polska E, Kopf A, Roden M, Waldhäusl W, Pleiner H, et al. Free fatty acids exert a greater effect on ocular and skin blood flow than triglycerids in healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Invest. 2004; 34(8):519-26.
  21. Baser G, Cengiz H, Uyar M, Seker Un E. Diurnal alterations of refraction, anterior segment biometrics, and intraocular pressure in long-time dehydration due to religious fasting. Semin Ophthalmol. 2016; 31(5):499-504.
  22. Kerimoglu H, Ozturk B, Gunduz K, Bozkurt B, Kamis U, Okka M. Effect of altered eating habits and periods during Ramadan fasting on intraocular pressure, tear secretion, corneal and anterior chamber parameters. Eye (Lond). 2010; 24(1):97-100.
  23. Dadeya S, Kamlesh, Shibal F, Khurana C, Khanna A. Effect of religious fasting on intra-ocular pressure. Eye (Lond). 2002; 16(4):463-5.
  24. Hassan MB, Isawumi MA. Effects of fasting on intraocular pressure in a black population. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2014; 21(4):328-31.
  25. Kayikcioglu O, Güler C. Religious fasting and intraocular pressure. J Glaucoma. 2000; 9(5):413-4.
  26. De Moraes CG, Reis AS, Cavalcante AF, Sano ME, Susanna R Jr. Choroidal expansion during the water drinking test. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophtalmol. 2009; 247(3):385-9.
  27. Steinle JJ, Smith PG. Role of adrenergic receptors in vascular remodelling of the rat choroid. Br J Pharmacol. 2002; 136(5):730-4.
  28. Klein BE, Klein R, Knudtson MD. Intraocular pressure and systemic blood pressure: longitudinal perspective: the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005; 89(3):284-7.
  29. Luo X, Shen YM, Jiang MN, Lou XF, Shen Y. Ocular blood flow autoregulation mechanisms and methods. J Ophthalmol. 2015; 2015:864871.
  30. Ngo S, Harris A, Siesky BA, Schroeder A, Eckert G, Holland S. Blood pressure, ocular perfusion pressure, and body mass index in glaucoma patients. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2013; 23(5):664-9.
Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health
Volume 4, Issue 4
December 2016
Pages 124-129

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 25 October 2016
  • Revise Date: 16 November 2016
  • Accept Date: 22 November 2016

Share

How to cite

Statistics