The Effect of Saffron Extract Consumption Along with Aerobic Training on Glycemic Indices in Streptozotocin (STZ)-Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Rats

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Exercise Physiology, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases and one of the main causes of death all over the world. This study aimed to investigate the effect of consumption of saffron extract combined with aerobic exercise on glycemic indices in streptozotocin induced diabetic male rats with. Method: This experimental study was conducted on 40 adult male rats aged 10-12 weeks weighing 220-250g. Rats were randomly allocated to diabetic control, diabetic exercise, diabetic saffron, and diabetic exercise + saffron groups after the induction of diabetes. Moderate intensity exercise was administered five days a week for eight weeks. Before and after eight weeks glycemic indices were measured, and the data were analyzed with Kolmogorov-Smirnov, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey's post hoc tests. Results: The results showed that fasting glucose in the saffron extract + aerobic exercise was significantly lower than the control and the aerobic training groups (p=0.014). Glycosylated hemoglobin in the saffron extract + aerobic exercise group was lower than the control group (p=0.001), and insulin resistance in the saffron group was lower than the control group with aerobic exercise (p=0.001). Conclusion: Both an aerobic exercise and a consumption of saffron extract can probably prevent diabetes by reducing hyperglycemic indicators. Aerobic exercise and consumption of saffron extract co-administration can exert more beneficial effects.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Manna P, Das J, Ghosh J, Sil PC. Contribution of type 1 diabetes to rat liver dysfunction and cellular damage via activation of NOS, PARP, IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB, MAPKs, and mitochondria-dependent pathways: Prophylactic role of arjunolic acid. Free Radic Biol Med. 2010; 48(11):1465-84.
  2. Kaltsas G, Vgontzas A, Chrousos G. Fatigue, endocrinopathies, and metabolic disorders. PM R. 2010; 2(5):393-8.
  3. Loscalzo J, Fauci A, Kasper D, Hauser S, Longo D, J. Jameson L. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 21e. 2011. MC Craw Hill Nedical, 18 nd Edition, Newyork.
  4. Sharifirad G, Entezari MH, Kamran A, Azadbakht L. The effectiveness of nutritional education on the knowledge of diabetic patients using the health belief model. J Res Med Sci. 2009; 14(1):1-6.
  5. D, Anderson-Jackson L, V. T. Biochemical Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Type 1 Diabetes [Internet]. Type 1 Diabetes. InTech; 2013.
  6. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes.
  7. Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology (Guyton Physiology) 13th Edition.2015.
  8. Noormohammadpour P, Halabchi F, Mazaheri R, Mansournia MA, Alizadeh Z, Seif Barghi T, Abolhasani M, Kordi R. Designing and implementing a curriculum for Sports and Exercise Medicine elective course for undergraduate medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Br J Sports Med. 2019; 53(10):601-4.
  9. Amin, G.R. Popular Medicinal Plants of Iran. Iranian Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Tehran. 1991; 1-66. (In Persian).
  10. McLennan SV, Heffernan S, Wright L, Rae C, Fisher E, Yue DK, Turtle JR. Changes in hepatic glutathione metabolism in diabetes. Diabetes. 1991; 40(3):344-8.
  11. Daglu A. The secrets of plants. Tehran: Chehar Publications; 1984.
  12. Yeh GY, Eisenberg DM, Kaptchuk TJ, Phillips RS. Systematic review of herbs and dietary supplements for glycemic control in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2003; 26(4):1277-94.
  13. Kianbakht S. A Systematic Review on Pharmacology of Saffron and its Active Constituents. J. Med. Plants 2008; 7 (28):1-27.
  14. Li SC, Liu YH, Liu JF, Chang WH, Chen CM, Chen CY. Almond consumption improved glycemic control and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism. 2011; 60(4):474-9.
  15. Goguen JM, Leiter LA. Lipids and diabetes mellitus: a review of therapeutic options. Curr Med Res Opin. 2002; 18 Suppl 1:s58-74.
  16. Skourtis G, Krontira A, Ntaoula S, Ferlemi AV, Zeliou K, Georgakopoulos C, Margarity GM, Lamari NF, Pharmakakis N. Protective antioxidant effects of saffron extract on retinas of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Romanian journal of ophthalmology. 2020; 64(4):394.
  17. Sani A, Tajik A, Seiiedi SS, Khadem R, Tootooni H, Taherynejad M, Sabet Eqlidi N, Alavi dana SM, Deravi N. A review of the anti-diabetic potential of saffron. Nutrition and Metabolic Insights. 2022; 15:11786388221095223.
  18. hooshmand moghadam B, Rashid lamir A, Attarzade Hosseini S R, Gaeini A A. A Review on the Effects of Saffron with Physical Activity. J Med Plants. 2019; 18 (72) :14-29
  19. Vahid Aghajani, Marzieh Nazari, Ramin Shabani. [Impact of aerobic and resistance training supplemented with the consumption of saffron on glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde in men with type 2 diabetes]. J Gorgan Univ Med Sci. 2019; 21(3): 24-33. [In Persian].
  20. Trinder P. Determination of blood glucose using an oxidase-peroxidase system with a non-carcinogenic chromogen. J Clin Pathol. 1969; 22(2):158-61.
  21. Xi L, Qian Z, Shen X, Wen N, Zhang Y. Crocetin prevents dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance in rats. Planta Med. 2005; 71(10):917-22.
  22. Asai A, Nakano T, Takahashi M, Nagao A. Orally administered crocetin and crocins are absorbed into blood plasma as crocetin and its glucuronide conjugates in mice. J Agric Food Chem. 2005; 53(18):7302-6.
  23. Shavandi N, Sharjerdi S, Sheikh Hoseini R, Ghorbani A. The Effect of Strengthening Exercises on Metabolic Factors, Quality of Life and Mental Health in Women with Type 2 Diabetes. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 2010; 12 (3):222-30.
  24. Tadibi V, Bayat Z. Effect of eight weeks aerobic training and drug intervention on quality of life in women with type 2 diabetes. J Gorgan Uni Med Sci. 2012; 14(2): 30-36. [In Persian].
  25. Winnick JJ, Sherman WM, Habash DL, Stout MB, Failla ML, Belury MA, Schuster DP. Short-term aerobic exercise training in obese humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus improves whole-body insulin sensitivity through gains in peripheral, not hepatic insulin sensitivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008; 93(3):771-8.
  26. Park S, Hong SM, Lee JE, Sung SR. Exercise improves glucose homeostasis that has been impaired by a high-fat diet by potentiating pancreatic beta-cell function and mass through IRS2 in diabetic rats. J Appl Physiol. 2007; 103(5):1764-71.
  27. Yavari A, Najafipoor F, Aliasgarzadeh A, Niafar M, Mobasseri M, Nikookheslat S. Effect of Aerobic Exercise, Resistance Training or Combined Training on Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Journal Tabriz Medicine Sciences. 2011; 33(4): 82-91.
  28. Hajihasani A, Bakhtiari A H, Hedayati R. Effects of eccentric and concentric exercises on blood pressure and heart rate parameters in type 2 diabetes. Koomesh 1393; 16 (2):166-74.
  29. Dunstan DW, Vulikh E, Owen N, Jolley D, Shaw J, Zimmet P. Community center-based resistance training for the maintenance of glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006; 29(12):2586-91.
  30. Fenicchia LM, Kanaley JA, Azevedo JL Jr, Miller CS, Weinstock RS, Carhart RL, Ploutz-Snyder LL. Influence of resistance exercise training on glucose control in women with type 2 diabetes. Metabolism. 2004; 53(3):284-9.
  31. Hazman Ö, Ovalı S. Investigation of the anti-inflammatory effects of safranal on high-fat diet and multiple low-dose streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes rat model. Inflammation. 2015; 38:1012-9.
  32. Tajaddini A, Roshanravan N, Mobasseri M, Haleem Al‐qaim Z, Hadi A, Aeinehchi A, Sefid‐Mooye Azar P, Ostadrahimi A. The effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) on glycemia, lipid profile, and antioxidant status in patients with type‐2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized placebo‐controlled trial. Phytotherapy Research. 2023; 37(2):388-98.
  33. Kang C, Lee H, Jung ES, Seyedian R, Jo M, Kim J, Kim JS, Kim E. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) increases glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity in muscle cells via multipathway mechanisms. Food Chemistry. 2012; 135(4):2350-8.
  34. Rajabi A, Khajehlandi M, Siahkuhian M, Akbarnejad A, Khoramipour K, Suzuki K. Effect of 8 weeks aerobic training and saffron supplementation on inflammation and metabolism in middle-aged obese women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sports. 2022; 10(11):167.

 

Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health
Volume 12, Issue 1
March 2024
Pages 36-41

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 23 September 2023
  • Revise Date: 24 December 2023
  • Accept Date: 25 December 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics