The Supplementation of L-Arginine, When Combined with High-Intensity Interval Training, Leads to Superior Improvements in Inflammatory Status Among Football Players

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 MSc in Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.

2 Associate Professor in Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran

Abstract

Introduction: Optimizing post-exercise recovery and mitigating metabolic stress are central challenges in competitive sports. Limited data currently exist concerning the synergistic impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and L-Arginine on immune-metabolic regulation in footballer players. This study aimed to compare the effects of six weeks of combined HIIT and L-Arginine supplementation on inflammatory/anti-inflammatory indices, hepatic enzymes, and key physical and skill performance factors. Methods: Twenty male football players were randomly divided into two intervention groups: HIIT plus L-Arginine (HIIT+ARG) and HIIT plus placebo (HIIT+PL). The six-week intervention involved three training sessions per week, with progressive HIIT intensity reaching 110% of maximal aerobic speed (MAS) by weeks 5-6. The HIIT+ARG group consumed 6 grams of L-Arginine daily. Data were analyzed using covariance (ANCOVA).  All statistical analyses for this study were conducted using SPSS software (version 26). The statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results: The results of the analysis of covariance, controlling for pre-test values, revealed a significant between-group difference at the post-test stage regarding interleukin-10 levels (IL-10) (F = 11.31, P = 0.004) and alanine aminotransferase (F = 4.94, P = 0.04); specifically, the 'exercise + supplement' group exhibited more favorable improvements compared to the placebo group. However, after adjusting for baseline values, no significant between-group differences were observed in interleukin-6 (F = 3.20, P = 0.09) or aspartate aminotransferase levels (F = 2.88, P = 0.107). Within the HIIT+ARG group, IL-6 (P=002), ALT (P= 0.043), and AST (P= 0.005) all significantly decreased, while IL-10 significantly increased (P= 0.001). Concurrently, this combined regimen resulted in significant functional gains: anaerobic power and VO2max significantly improved, and agility and dribbling/shooting time significantly decreased (indicating performance enhancement). The HIIT+PL group showed no significant change in these markers. Conclusion: The simultaneous use of HIIT and L-Arginine induced a significant dual-directional modulation of immune and metabolic markers, alongside notable functional gains in anaerobic capacity and agility performance. These findings underscore the specific benefit of L-Arginine as an ergogenic aid; therefore, coaches and athletes are recommended to incorporate this combined approach to enhance metabolic health and functional capacity.

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References

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Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 16 February 2026

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  • Receive Date: 23 October 2025
  • Revise Date: 10 February 2026
  • Accept Date: 16 February 2026

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