Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health

Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health

Neurotrophic Effects of Swimming and Crocin Consumption on the Rats with Obesity Induced by a High-fat Diet

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Hadi Razavi 1
Seyed Ali Hosseini 2
Masoud Nikbakht 3
1 Department of Sport Physiology, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran.
2 Department of Exercise Physiology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran
3 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
10.22038/jnfh.2019.41093.1203
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity is known as a multifactorial physical disorder. On the other hand, regular sport exercises and crocin consumption have beneficial effects on obesity. In this regard, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of swimming training with crocin consumption on neurotrophic factors in the heart tissue of obese rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 28 obese Sprague Dawley rats (24 g fat, 24 g protein and 41 g carbohydrates per 100 g) were selected randomly and divided in five groups of seven subjects, including: 1) control (receiving normal saline); (2) swimming training; (3) crocin consumption; and (4) swimming training with crocin consumption. Groups 2 and 4 performed swimming training for eight weeks, three sessions per week, and each session 30-60 minutes, and groups 3 and 4 daily received 25 mg / kg of crocin peritoneally. Results: Eight weeks of swimming training and swimming training with crocin consumption led to increased expression of BDNF in the heart tissue of obese rats (p≤0.05). Crocin consumption had a significant effect on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) increase in the heart tissue of obese rats (p ≤0.05). There was no significant difference in BDNF and NGF gene expression levels in the heart tissue of rats in the swimming training with crocin consumption group compared to the crocin consumption group (p ≥0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, swimming training, swimming training along with crocin consumption, and crocin consumption have the same effects on the increase of BDNF in the heart tissue of obese rats. Also, crocin consumption has a significant effect on increased expression of NGF in the heart tissue of obese rats
Keywords
Crocin
Heart
Nerutrophins
Obesity
Training

  1.  

    1. Miao Y-F, Kang H-X, Li J, Zhang Y-M, Ren H-Y, Zhu L, et al. Effect of Sheng-jiang powder on multiple-organ inflammatory injury in acute pancreatitis in rats fed a high-fat diet. World J Aastroen. 2019;25(6):683.
    2. Chung YH, Lu KY, Chiu SC, Lo CJ, Hung LM, Huang JP, et al. Early imaging biomarker of myocardial Ggucose adaptations in high- fat- diet- induced insulin resistance model by using 18F-FDG PET and [U-13C] glucose nuclear magnetic resonance tracer. Contrast Media Mol Imaging. 2018; 2018: 8751267.
    3.  Palee S, Minta W, Mantor D, Sutham W, Jaiwongkam T, Kerdphoo S, et al. Combination of exercise and calorie restriction exerts greater efficacy on Cardioprotection than monotherapy in obese-insulin resistant rats through the improvement of cardiac calcium regulation. Metabolism. 2019; 94: 77-87.
    4. Mohajeri D, Mousavi G, Doustar Y. Antihyperglycemic and pancreas-protective effects of Crocus sativus L.(Saffron) stigma ethanolic extract on rats with alloxan-induced diabetes. Journal of Biological Sciences. 2009; 9(4): 302- 10.
    5.  Chang WH, Lee IH, Chi MH, Lin SH, Chen KC, Chen PS, et al. Prefrontal cortex modulates the correlations between brain-derived neurotrophic factor level, serotonin, and the autonomic nervous system. Sci Rep. 2018; 8(1): 2558.
    6. Luther JA, Birren SJ. Neurotrophins and target interactions in the development and regulation of sympathetic neuron electrical and synaptic properties. Auton Neurosci. 2009; 151(1): 46-60.
    7. Salehi OR, Hosseini SA, Farkhaie F, Farzanegi P, Zar A. The Effect of Moderate Intensity Endurance Training with Genistein on Brain- Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Diabetic Rats. Journal of Nutrition Fasting and Health. 2019; 7(1): 44-51.
    8. Lee HW, Ahmad M, Weldrick JJ, Wang HW, Burgon PG, Leenen FHH. Effects of exercise training and TrkB blockade on cardiac function and BDNF-TrkB signaling post myocardial infarction in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2018; 315(6): H1821-H1834.
    9. Lee HW, Ahmad M, Wang HW, Leenen FH. Effects of exercise training on brain‐derived neurotrophic factor in skeletal muscle and heart of rats post myocardial infarction. Exp Physiol. 2017; 102(3): 314-28.
    10. Roh HT, So WY. The effects of aerobic exercise training on oxidant–antioxidant balance, neurotrophic factor levels, and blood–brain barrier function in obese and non-obese men. J Sport Health Sci. 2017; 6(4): 447-53.
    11. Farshid AA, Tamaddonfard E, Moradi-Arzeloo M, Mirzakhani N. The effects of crocin, insulin and their co-administration on the heart function and pathology in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Avicenna J Phytomed. 2016; 6(6): 658-70.
    12.  Razavi BM, Sadeghi M, Abnous K, Vahdati Hasani F, Hosseinzadeh H. Study of the role of CREB, BDNF, and VGF neuropeptide in long term antidepressant activity of crocin in the rat cerebellum. Iran J Pharm Res. 2017; 16(4): 1452-62.
    13. Dorri SA, Hosseinzadeh H, Abnous K, Hasani FV, Robati RY, Razavi BM. Involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on malathion induced depressive-like behavior in subacute exposure and protective effects of crocin. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2015; 18(10): 958-66.
    14. Khalafi M, Shabkhiz F, Azali Alamdari K, Bakhtiyari A. Irisin Response to Two Types of Exercise Training in Type 2 Diabetic Male Rats. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences. 2016; 19(6): 37-45.
    15. Speretta GFF, Rosante MC, Duarte FO, Leite RD, de Souza Lino AD, Andre RA, et al. The effects of exercise modalities on adiposity in obese rats. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2012; 67(12): 1469-77.
    16. Salahshoor MR, Khashiadeh M, Roshankhah S, Kakabaraei S, Jalili C. Protective effect of crocin on liver toxicity induced by morphine. Res Pharm Sci. 2016; 11(2): 120- 9.
    17. Sandrini L, Di Minno A, Amadio P, Ieraci A, Tremoli E, Barbieri SS. Association between Obesity and Circulating Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Levels: Systematic Review of Literature and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci. 2018; 19(8): pii: E2281.
    18. Hang P, Zhao J, Cai B, Tian S, Huang W, Guo J, et al. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor regulates TRPC3/6 channels and protects against myocardial infarction in rodents. Int J Biol Sci. 2015; 11(5): 536-45.
    19.  Hristova MG. Metabolic syndrome and neurotrophins: effects of metformin and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug treatment. Eurasian J Med. 2011; 43(3): 141-5.
    20.  Bałkowiec-Iskra E, Vermehren-Schmaedick A, Balkowiec A. Tumor necrosis factor-α increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in trigeminal ganglion neurons in an activity-dependent manner. Neuroscience. 2011; 180: 322-33.
    21. Eslami R, Sorkhkamanzadeh G, Kazemi A, Gharakhanlou R, Banaifar AA. Effectof 6-Week Endurance Training on BDNF Expression in Motor Root of Spinal Cord in Rats with Diabetic Neuropathy. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2015; 25(124): 94-106.
    22. Roh HT, Cho SY, So WY. Obesity promotes oxidative stress andexacerbates blood-brain barrier disruption after high-intensity exercise. J Sport Health Sci. 2017; 6(2): 225-30.
    23. Woo J, Shin KO, Park SY, Jang KS, Kang S. Effects of exercise and diet change on cognition function and synaptic plasticity in high fat diet induced obese rats. Lipids Health Dis. 2013; 12: 144.
    24. Rezai M, Mahmoodi M, Kaeidi A, Noroozi Karimabad M, Khoshdel A, Hajizadeh M. Effect of crocin carotenoid on BDNF and CREB gene expression in brain ventral tegmental area of morphine treated rats. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2018; 8(8): 387-93.
    25.  Lei M, Guo C, Hua L, Xue S, Yu D, Zhang C, et al. Crocin attenuates joint pain and muscle dysfunction in osteoarthritis rat. Inflammation. 2017; 40(6): 2086-93.
    26. Milajerdi A, Bitarafan V, Mahmoudi M. A review on the effects of saffron extract and its constituents on factors related to neurologic, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal Diseases. Journal of Medicinal Plants  . 2015; 3(55): 9-28.
    27. Khosravi A, OmidAli F. The Effect of Saffron Stigmas Aqueous Extracts on Serum Cardiac Troponin T and Creatine Kinase MB Isoenzyme of Male Rats Following an Exhaustive Exercise. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences. 2018; 21(2): 43-54.
    28.  Hassanpour G, Nik bakht HA, Azarbayjani MA, Shakeri N, Abednazari H. The Effect of Interval and Continued Trainings with Crocin on Apoptotic Markers in the Heart Tissue of High-Fat Diet and Streptozotocin Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats. Report of Health Care Journal. 2017; 3(3): 58-70.

     

Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health
Volume 8, Issue 1
Winter 2020
Pages 48-54

  • Receive Date 12 June 2019
  • Revise Date 26 July 2019
  • Accept Date 06 August 2019