Malnutrition Screening and Prevalence in a Population of Inpatients with Non Communicable Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study (Algeria, 2020)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD Student, Laboratory for Improvement of Agricultural Productions and Protection of Ecosystems in Dry Areas LAPAPEZA, Institute of Veterinary Sciences and Agronomic Sciences, Elhadj Lakhdar University, Batna, Algeria.

2 Associate professor, Institute of Nutrition, Food and Agro-Food Technologies (INATAA), University of Brother’s Mentouri Constantine 1 (UFMC1), Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Technology (LNTA), University of Brother’s Mentouri Constantine1 (UFMC1), Constantine, Algeria.

3 Associate professor. Laboratory for Improvement of Agricultural Productions and Protection of Ecosystems in Dry Areas LAPAPEZA, Institute of Veterinary Sciences and Agronomic Sciences, Elhadj Lakhdar University, Batna, Algeria.

Abstract

Introduction: Hospitalization is a stressful event that affects the nutritional status of adults and elderly. Inpatients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a vulnerable group facing an increased risk of malnutrition. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition in Algerian inpatients with non-communicable diseases in a public hospital in Skikda (Algeria). Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive survey carried out during one month from the 15th November 2020 to the 10th December 2020, with inpatients with at least one NCD (cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases). The assessment of their nutritional status was carried out using the Subjective Global Assessment tool (SGA). Results: One hundred and five patients were included. One of two patients had at least one non communicable disease. In our study, the SGA allowed us to estimate the malnutrition prevalence at 44.76% (ranks B and C: moderate and severe malnutrition). Our study showed a length of stay (LOS) of 4.14±7.69days. Conclusion: The considerable prevalence of malnutrition was, in part, due to reduced food intake and short LOS. In order to detect and prevent malnutrition, the nutritional status assessment must be included in the routine of health care in Algeria.

Keywords

References

  1. WHO. Noncommunicable diseases country profiles 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Geneva; 2018.
  2. Rossi AP, Rubele S, Pelizzari L, Fantin F, Morgante S, Marchi O, et al. Hospitalization Effects on Physical Performance and Muscle Strength in Hospitalized Elderly Subjects. J Gerontol Geriatr Res. 2017;06(02):6.
  3. Lim, Su Lin, Ong, Kian Chung Benjamin, Chan, Yiong Huak, Loke, Wai Chiong, Ferguson, Maree, & Daniels L. Malnutrition and its impact on cost of hospitalization, length of stay, readmission and 3-year mortality. Clin Nutr. 2012;31(3):345–50.
  4. Kondrup J, Johansen N, Plum LM, Bak L, Larsen HI, Martinsen A, et al. Incidence of nutritional risk and causes of inadequate nutritional care in hospitals. Clin Nutr. 2002;21(6):461–8.
  5. Dent E, Hoogendijk EO, Visvanathan R, Wright ORL. Malnutrition Screening and Assessment in Hospitalised Older People: A Review. J Nutr Health Aging. 2019;23(5):431–41.
  6. Meira D, Lavoura P, Ferreira D, Curiati JA, Lichtenstein A, Carvalho C, et al. Impact of hospitalization in the functionality and quality of life of adults and elderlies. Eur Respir J [Internet]. 2015 Sep 1;46(suppl 59):PA3547. Available from: http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/46/suppl_59/PA3547.abstract
  7. WHO. Better noncommunicable disease outcomes: challenges and opportunities for health systems. Tajikistan country assessment [Internet]. 2014. Available from: http://apps.who.int//iris/handle/
  8. Muka T, Imo D, Jaspers L, Colpani V, Chaker L, van der Lee SJ, et al. The global impact of non-communicable diseases on healthcare spending and national income: a systematic review. Eur J Epidemiol. 2015;30(4):251–77.
  9. WHO. The double burden of malnutrition. Policy brief. Geneva: World Health Organization. Geneva; 2017.
  10. Pradeilles R, Baye K, Holdsworth M. Addressing malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries with double-duty actions. Proc Nutr Soc. 2018;78(October 2018):388–97.
  11. Mokhtar N, Beecic T. Nutrition and ncds in North Africa. Ann Nutr Metab [Internet]. 2013;63:52. Available from: http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L71177669
  12. Beran D. The Impact of Health Systems on Diabetes Care in Low and Lower Middle Income Countries. Vol. 15, Current Diabetes Reports. Current Medicine Group LLC 1; 2015. p. 1–13.
  13. Ishikawa M, Yokoyama T, Sagehashi M, Kunugita N, Miura H. Diagnosing the double burden of malnutrition using estimated deviation values in low- and lower-middle-income countries. PLoS One. 2018 Dec 1;13(12):12.
  14. Paché G. Gestion des capacités de lits d’hospitalisation en réanimation pendant la crise sanitaire du Covid-19. Rev Manag Strat [Internet]. 2020;6p. Available from: https://www.revue-rms.fr/Gestion-des-capacites-de-lits-d- hospitalisation-en-reanimation-pendant-la-crise-sanitaire-du-Covid-19_a354.html
  15. Smereka J, Szarpak L. COVID 19 a challenge for emergency medicine and every health care professional. Am J Emerg Med. 2020;38(10):2232–3.
  16. Yu Y, Ye J, Chen M, Jiang C, Lin W, Lu Y, et al. Malnutrition Prolongs the Hospitalization of Patients with COVID-19 Infection: A Clinical Epidemiological Analysis. J Nutr Heal Aging. 2020;5.
  17. Basu S. Non-communicable disease management in vulnerable patients during Covid-19. Indian J Med Ethics. 2020;V(2):103–5.
  18. Merad-Boudia HN, Bereksi-Reguig K. Assessment of Risk of Malnutrition in Elderly Hypertensive Patients with or without Associated Cardiovascular Risk Factors Living at Home (West Algeria) Sidi-Bel-Abbès. Int J Clin Med. 2016;07(02):144–68.
  19. Mansour F, Mekhancha DE, Kadi H, Yagoubi-Benatallah L, Karoune R, Colette-Dahel-Mekhancha C, et al. Malnutrition in patients with breast cancer during treatments (Algeria, 2016). Nutr Clin Metab [Internet]. 2018;32(2):129–37. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nupar.2018.03.001
  20. Menadi N, Khaled MB, Merrakchi B, Belbraouet S. Nutritional Status of Elderly People Living at Home in Sidi-Bel-Abbes (West Algeria). Food Nutr Sci. 2013;04(08):860–5.
  21. Negrichi S, Taleb S. Evaluation of nutritional status of colorectal cancer patients from algerian east using anthropometric measurements and laboratory assessment. Iran J Public Health. 2020;49(7):1242–51.
  22. Boutata FZ, Abdessemed D, Bencharif M. Nutritional Status Assessment of Inpatients with Non Communicable Diseases: Systematic Review Article. Int J caring Sci. 2020;13(3):2232–49.
  23. Allard JP, Keller H, Gramlich L, Jeejeebhoy KN, Laporte M, Duerksen DR. GLIM criteria has fair sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing malnutrition when using SGA as comparator. Clin Nutr. 2020;39(9):2771–7.
  24. Shafiee F, Karandish M, Hadianfard A, Eftekhari M, Haghighizadeh M. Determining the ability of Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) to diagnosis risk of malnutrition in hospitalized patients. J Res Med Dent Sci. 2017;5(2):48.
  25. Tu MY, Chien TW, Chou MT. Using a nutritional screening tool to evaluate the nutritional status of patients with colorectal cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2012;64(2):323–30.
  26. Structures sanitaires [Internet]. [cited 2021 Feb 10]. Available from: http://www.dsp-skikda.dz/index.php/jce/structures-sanitaires
  27. Campbell KL, Ash S, Bauer J, Davies PSW. Critical review of nutrition assessment tools to measure malnutrition in chronic kidney disease. Nutr Diet. 2007;64(1):23–30.
  28. Makhija S, Baker J. The subjective global assessment: A review of its use in clinical practice. Nutr Clin Pract. 2008;23(4):405–9.
  29. Detsky AS, Mclaughlin J, Baker JP, Johnston N, Whittaker S, Mendelson RA, et al. What is subjective global assessment of nutritional status? J Parenter Enter Nutr. 1987;11(1):8-13
  30. Cederholm T, Bosaeus I, Barazzoni R, Bauer J, Van Gossum A, Klek S, et al. Diagnostic criteria for malnutrition - An ESPEN Consensus Statement. Clin Nutr. 2015;34(3):335–40.
  31. WHO. Global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases 2013-2020. Geneva; 2013.
  32. Salti N. Non-Communicable Diseases ( NCD ) in the Middle East and North Africa : what macroeconomic savings can be expected from achieving SDG target 3 . 4 ? Acknowledgements : Non-Communicable Diseases ( NCD ) in the Middle East and North Africa : what macroecono. 2020.
  33. Eckel RH. Mechanisms of the components of the metabolic syndrome that predispose to diabetes and atherosclerotic CVD. Proc Nutr Soc. 2007;66(1):82–95.
  34. Jankovic J, Mirkovic M, Jovic-Vranes A, Santric-Milicevic M, Terzic-Supic Z. Association between non-communicable disease multimorbidity and health care utilization in a middle-income country: population-based study. Public Health. 2018;155:35–42.
  35. Hasselmann M, Alix E. Outils et procédures de dépistage de la dénutrition et de son risque en milieu hospitalier. Nutr Clin Metab. 2003;17(4):218–26.
  36. Moriana M, Civera M, Artero A, Real JT, Caro J, Ascaso JF, et al. Validity of subjective global assessment as a screening method for hospital malnutrition. Prevalence of malnutrition in a tertiary hospital. Endocrinol y Nutr. 2014;61(4):184–9.

N, Gallegos D. Prevalence and associated risk factors of malnutrition among hospitalized adults in a multisite study in Ho Chi Minh city Viet Nam. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2018;27(5):986–95.

  1. Rondel ALMA, Langius JAE, de van der Schueren MAE, Kruizenga HM. The new ESPEN diagnostic criteria for malnutrition predict overall survival in hospitalised patients. Clin Nutr. 2018;37(1):163–8.
  2. Lew CCH, Yandell R, Fraser RJL, Chua AP, Chong MFF, Miller M. Association between Malnutrition and Clinical Outcomes in the Intensive Care Unit: A Systematic Review. J Parenter Enter Nutr. 2017;41(5):744–58.
  3. Baek H, Cho M, Kim S, Hwang H, Song M, Yoo S. Analysis of length of hospital stay using electronic health records: A statistical and data mining approach. PLoS One. 2018;13(4):1–16.
  4. OECD. “Average length of stay in hospitals”, in Health at a Glance 2017:OECD Indicators. In: OECD Publishing, Paris. 2017;176–8.
  5. Ruiz AJ, Buitrago G, Rodríguez N, Gómez G, Sulo S, Gómez C, et al. Clinical and economic outcomes associated with malnutrition in hospitalized patients. Clin Nutr. 2019;38(3):1310–6.
  6. Lin T, Yang J, Hong X, Yang ZY, Ge T, Wang M. Nutritional status in patients with advanced lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy: a prospective observational study. Nutr Cancer. 2020;72(7):1225–30.
  7. Rasheed S, Woods RT. An investigation into the association between nutritional status and quality of life in older people admitted to hospital. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2014;27(2):142–51.
  8. Couallier V, Gerville-Réache L. Echantillon representatif (d’une population finie) : definition statistique et proprietes. 2011.
  9. Elfil M, Negida A. Sampling methods in clinical research; an educational review. Arch Acad Emerg Med. 2019;7(1):3–5.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 20 March 2021
  • Accept Date: 20 June 2021

Share

How to cite

Statistics