Evaluation of Energy and Protein Intakes and Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients: Cross-sectional Study

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

2 Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

3 Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

4 Faculty of Critical Care Medicine, Lung Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.

5 Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

6 Assistant Professor of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

7 Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.

8 Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.

9 Medical Doctor, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

10 Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: Critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit are often hyper-metabolic, hyper-catabolic, and at malnutrition risk. This study aimed to evaluate the amount of energy and protein intake and its correlation with the required amount in critically ill patients. Methods: A total of 70 patients with critical conditions admitted to the ICU were eligible (age≥18 years and over a 3-day stay in ICU). Basic characteristics, medical history, and laboratory test results were extracted from the patient’s medical records. Anthropometric indicators and the APACHE II questionnaire were assessed. Patients’ energy and protein requirements were 25kcal/kg/day and 1.2g/kg/day, respectively. Results: The mean age in the target population was 57.69±20.81 years, and 48.6% were men. The mean actual energy intake was significantly lower than the requirement (531.27±365.40 vs. 1583.77±329.36 Kcal/day, P˂0.001). The mean actual protein intake was significantly lower than the requirement (14.94±18.33 vs. 74.11±17.89 gr/day, respectively, P˂0.001). Energy and protein provision to the patients had a growing trend over time. There was a significant reverse correlation between the age of patients and total lymphocyte count (r= -0.38, P=0.003). In addition, there was a significant reverse correlation between the Glasgow coma scale and mechanical ventilation duration (r=-0.49, P˂0.001). The lowest average energy and protein intake were in patients with poisoning. Conclusion: The energy and protein intake in critically ill patients is significantly less than recommended, requiring routine nutritional assessments.

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References

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Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health
Volume 11, Issue 3
September 2023
Pages 172-179

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History

  • Receive Date: 18 June 2023
  • Revise Date: 14 July 2023
  • Accept Date: 15 July 2023

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