Lipid- lowering Effects of Endurance Training and Cinnamon Extract in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Rats

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Nutrition, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Sport Physiology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.

3 Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

4 Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Persian Gulf University, Boushehr, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes is a disease caused by a lack of insulin secretion or a decrease in tissue sensitivity to insulin. The aim of this study was to investigate the lipid-lowering effects of endurance training (ET) with cinnamon (C) extract in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.Methods: Thirty-two diabetic rats were divided into four groups of 8 rats, including 1) cinnamon, 2) training, 3) training+cinnamon and 4) sham groups. During four weeks, groups 1 and 3 received daily 100 mg/kg C perennially, and groups 2 and 3 ran on treadmill five times per week for 60 minutes each session at a speed of 8 to 16 m/min. Data were analyzed using paired sample t test and one way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc tests (p≤0.05).Results: cinnamon, training and training+cinnamon significantly reduced TG, LDL and VLDL levels as well increased HDL (P=0.001) in compare with sham group, training+cinnamon significantly reduced Cho and VLDL (P=0.001) in compare with sham group; training+cinnamon had more effect on decrease of Cho (p=0.02) and LDL (p=0.002) as well as increase of HDL (P=0.004) rather than training. Also cinnamon (P=0.03) and training (P=0.04) significantly reduced VLDL in compare with sham group.Conclusions: Although training and cinnamon have lipid-lowering effect in diabetic rats, nevertheless it seems training simultaneously with cinnamon administration has better effect on improving lipid profile compare to training alone.

Keywords

References

  1. Cho NH, Shaw JE, Karuranga S, Huang Y, da Rocha Fernandes JD, Ohlrogge AW, et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018;138:271-81.
  2. Sonne DP, Hemmingsen B. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2017: Summary of Revisions. Diabetes Care. 2017;40(Suppl 1):S4-s5.
  3. Kirwan JP, Sacks J, Nieuwoudt S. The essential role of exercise in the management of type 2 diabetes. Cleve Clin J Med. 2017;84(7 Suppl 1):S15-s21.
  4. Femlak M, Gluba-Brzózka A, Ciałkowska-Rysz A, Rysz J. The role and function of HDL in patients with diabetes mellitus and the related cardiovascular risk. Lipids Health Dis. 2017;16(1):207-.
  5. Vafaee R, Soori H, Hedayati M, Hatamabadi HR. Effects of Supplementation and Training on Ameliorating Lipid Profiles and Protection against Coronary Artery Disease; an Experimental Study. Arch Acad Emerg Med. 2019;7(1):e16.
  6. Santos RD, Gidding SS, Hegele RA, Cuchel MA, Barter PJ, Watts GF, et al. Defining severe familial hypercholesterolaemia and the implications for clinical management: a consensus statement from the International Atherosclerosis Society Severe Familial Hypercholesterolemia Panel. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016;4(10):850-61.
  7. Fayaz E, Damirchi A, Zebardast N, Babaei P. Cinnamon extract combined with high-intensity endurance training alleviates metabolic syndrome via non-canonical WNT signaling. Nutrition. 2019;65:173-8.
  8. Fikenzer K, Fikenzer S, Laufs U, Werner C. Effects of endurance training on serum lipids. Vascular Pharmacology. 2018;101:9-20.
  9. Said M, Lamya N, Olfa N, Hamda M. Effects of high-impact aerobics vs. low-impact aerobics and strength training in overweight and obese women. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2017;57(3):278-88.
  10. Dehghan F, Hajiaghaalipour F, Yusof A, Muniandy S, Hosseini SA, Heydari S, et al. Saffron with resistance exercise improves diabetic parameters through the GLUT4/AMPK pathway in-vitro and in-vivo. Scientific reports. 2016;6:25139.
  11. Chen YC, Tsai JC, Liou YM, Chan P. Effectiveness of endurance exercise training in patients with coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2017;16(5):397-408.
  12. Maierean SM, Serban M-C, Sahebkar A, Ursoniu S, Serban A, Penson P, et al. The effects of cinnamon supplementation on blood lipid concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Lipidology. 2017;11(6):1393-406.
  13. Tsui PF, Lin CS, Ho LJ, Lai JH. Spices and Atherosclerosis. Nutrients. 2018;10(11):1-19.
  14. Dorri M, Hashemitabar S, Hosseinzadeh H. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) as an antidote or a protective agent against natural or chemical toxicities: a review. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2018;41(3):338-51.
  15. Benchaar C. Diet supplementation with cinnamon oil, cinnamaldehyde, or monensin does not reduce enteric methane production of dairy cows. Animal. 2016;10(3):418-25.
  16. Zare R, Nadjarzadeh A, Zarshenas MM, Shams M, Heydari M. Efficacy of cinnamon in patients with type II diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Nutr. 2019;38(2):549-56.
  17. Gupta Jain S, Puri S, Misra A, Gulati S, Mani K. Effect of oral cinnamon intervention on metabolic profile and body composition of Asian Indians with metabolic syndrome: a randomized double -blind control trial. Lipids Health Dis. 2017;16(1):113.
  18. Zhu R, Liu H, Liu C, Wang L, Ma R, Chen B, et al. Cinnamaldehyde in diabetes: A review of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and safety. Pharmacol Res. 2017;122:78-89.
  19. Mollazadeh H, Hosseinzadeh H. Cinnamon effects on metabolic syndrome: a review based on its mechanisms. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2016;19(12):1258-70.
  20. Ranasinghe P, Galappaththy P, Constantine GR, Jayawardena R, Weeratunga HD, Premakumara S, et al. Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Ceylon cinnamon) as a potential pharmaceutical agent for type-2 diabetes mellitus: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2017;18(1):446.
  21. Tuzcu Z, Orhan C, Sahin N, Juturu V, Sahin K. Cinnamon Polyphenol Extract Inhibits Hyperlipidemia and Inflammation by Modulation of Transcription Factors in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:1583098.
  22. AliHosseini S, Zar A. Lipid Lowering Effects of Nigella sativa and Swimming Training in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats. Annals of Military and Health Sciences Research. 2018;16(3).
  23. Hosseini S, Hamzavi K, Safarzadeh H, Salehi O. Interactive effect of swimming training and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) extract on glycemic indices and lipid profile in diabetic rats. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2020 Oct 5:1-5.
  24. Shokri G, Fathi H, Jafari Sabet M, Nasri Nasrabadi N, Ataee R. Evaluation of anti-diabetic effects of hydroalcoholic extract of green tea and cinnamon on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research. 2015;1(2):20-9.
  25. Yousefi MR, TaheriChadorneshin H. The effect of moderate endurance training on gastrocnemius retinol-binding protein 4 and insulin resistance in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Interv Med Appl Sci. 2018;10(1):59-63.
  26. Igarashi Y, Nogami Y. Response of Lipids and Lipoproteins to Regular Aquatic Endurance Exercise: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2019;26(1):14-30.
  27. Aparicio VA, Coll-Risco I, Camiletti-Moiron D, Nebot E, Martinez R, Lopez-Jurado M, et al. Interval aerobic training combined with strength-endurance exercise improves metabolic markers beyond caloric restriction in Zucker rats. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2016;26(8):713-21.
  28. Dobiášová M. Atherogenic impact of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase and its relation to cholesterol esterification rate in HDL (FER(HDL)) and AIP [log(TG/HDL-C)] biomarkers: the butterfly effect? Physiological research. 2017;66(2):193-203.
  29. Hosseini A, Khoshsovt F, Ahmadi M, Azarbayjani MA, Salehi O, Farkhaie F. Effects of Aloe Vera and Swimming Training on Lipid Profile of Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats. Nutrition and Food Sciences Research. 2020;7(1):9-16.
  30. Hashemi HS, Hosseini SA. The effect of moderate intensity endurance training and lipid lowering genistein in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. 2017;19(1):10-23.
  31. Mogharnasi M, Cheragh-Birjandi K, Cheragh-Birjandi S, TaheriChadorneshin H. The effects of resistance and endurance training on risk factors of vascular inflammation and atherogenesis in non-athlete men. Interv Med Appl Sci. 2017;9(4):185-90.
  32. Askari M, Hosseini S. Effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of Anethum graveolens L. with swimming training on lipid profile of diabetic rats. The Horizon of Medical Sciences. 2016;22(4):345-51.
  33. Medagama AB. The glycaemic outcomes of Cinnamon, a review of the experimental evidence and clinical trials. Nutr J. 2015;14:108-.
  34. Badalzadeh R, Shaghaghi M, Mohammadi M, Dehghan G, Mohammadi Z. The effect of cinnamon extract and long-term aerobic training on heart function, biochemical alterations and lipid profile following exhaustive exercise in male rats. Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin. 2014;4(Suppl 2):515.
  35. Hosseini S, Shojaei S, Hosseini S. The effects of cinnamon on glycemic indexes and insulin resistance in adult male diabetic rats with streptozotocin. Yafteh. 2015;16(4):70-8.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 07 July 2021
  • Revise Date: 07 September 2021
  • Accept Date: 20 September 2021

Share

How to cite

Statistics